Kashmiri Muslims are ethnic Kashmiris who practice Islam and are native to the Kashmir Valley of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. The majority of Kashmiri Muslims are Sunni, while Shias form a minority. They refer to themselves as "Koshur" in their mothertongue, Kashmiri.

Currently, the Kashmiri Muslim population is predominantly concentrated in Kashmir Valley. Smaller communities also live in other regions of Jammu and Kashmir. Kashmiri Muslims have similar ethnic roots to the Kashmiri Hindu community. Both Kashmiri Hindus and Muslims trace their descent patrilineally. Property and titles are usually inherited through the male line, but some inheritances may also be accrued through the female lineage. Of the Kashmiri Hindus that were converted to Islam, many largely retained their family names (kram) which indicated their original profession, locality or community.

In the Jammu region, a sizeable population of Kashmiri Muslims reside in the Doda, Ramban and Kishtwar districts, often referred to as the Chenab valley. Neelum and Leepa Valleys of Pakistani-administrated Kashmir is also home to Kashmiri Muslims. Since 1947, many have also lived in Punjab, Pakistan, migrating from the Kashmir Valley during the Dogra and Sikh rule.

Islam started making inroads in Kashmir during the 12th and 13th centuries. The earliest copy of Quran in Kashmir dates back to 1237 AD and was calligraphed by Fateh Ullah Kashmiri who is believed to be a then Kashmiri Islamic scholar.

The first Muslim missionary in Kashmir was Syed Sharaf-ud-Din Abdur Rahman Suhrawardi, popularly known as Bulbul Shah.

He was an extensively traveled preacher, he came to Kashmir during the reign of Raja Suhadeva (1301–20) the king of Lohara dynasty. After Suhadeva was killed by Rinchan and became the ruler, he married Suhadeva's widow Kota Rani and appointed his son as chief, who later he adopted Islam per the advice of Shah Mir. In 1339 Kashmir's throne was captured by Sultan Shahmir who founded the Shah Mir dynasty.

Soon after, according to some accounts, some 10,000 Kashmiri people converted to Islam and hence the seeds of Islam in Kashmir were sown. The spread of Islam among Kashmiris was further boosted by arrival of other Sayyids, most prominent among them being Sayyid Jalal-ud-Din, Sayyid Taj-ud-Din and Sayyid Hussain Simanani.

However, the greatest missionary whose personality wielded the most extraordinary influence in the spread of Islam in Kashmir was Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani of Hamadan (Persia) popularly known as Shah-i-Hamadan. He belonged to the Kubrawi order of Sufis and came to Kashmir along with seven hundred disciples and helpers. His emphasis was on the Islamization of royal family and the court as a pre-requisite for Islamizing people. This was an important modus operandi adopted by Syed Ali and his disciples. He was of the firm belief that the common masses followed the conduct and culture of their rulers. His disciples established shrines with lodging and langar at many places in Kashmir which served as centers for propagation of Islam. His preaching resulted in a large number of people, including priests of Hinduism and Buddhism and their followers converting to Islam, which became the vastly dominant religion of the Kashmiri masses by the fourteenth century. A greater part of the population converted during the reign of Sultan Sikandar Shah Miri. Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani's impact in Kashmir was not only confined to religion but had a great say on culture, industry and economy of Kashmir. Spread of shawl making, carpet manufacturing, cloth weaving, etc. gained great prominence by his efforts.