Blodgett's early research focused on the adsorption of gases on charcoal, which formed the basis of her Master's thesis and her initial work at GE. This interest in surface phenomena would guide much of her later research.

Building on Irving Langmuir's work, Blodgett refined the technique of depositing thin films of organic materials onto solid surfaces, creating what became known as Langmuir-Blodgett films. She developed a method to precisely control the thickness of these films.

Her most famous invention was non-reflective glass. Blodgett developed a technique to coat glass with multiple layers of thin films (typically barium stearate) that were precisely controlled in thickness. These films interfered with light waves, reducing reflection and increasing transmission, making the glass 'invisible'.

Blodgett's non-reflective glass had profound applications in optics, leading to improved lenses for cameras, microscopes, and other optical instruments. It also enhanced the clarity of eyeglasses and projection screens.

During World War II, her invention was critical for military equipment, including submarine periscopes, aerial reconnaissance cameras, and gas masks. This helped provide clarity during the war.

Even after her most famous invention, Blodgett continued to work on various aspects of surface chemistry, investigating the properties and applications of thin films and monomolecular layers.

Blodgett's inventions and research contributions have had a lasting impact on science and technology, particularly in the fields of optics, materials science, and surface chemistry. She holds several patents and is remembered for her pioneering spirit.