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Legitimate military target
A legitimate military target is an object, structure, individual, or entity that is considered to be a valid target for attack by belligerent forces according to the law of war during an armed conflict.
Additional Protocol I of 1977 to the 1949 Geneva Conventions provides for the general protection of protected persons by limiting direct attacks to military objectives in a war between two or more belligerents. "With respect to the conduct of military operations, perhaps the most fundamental principle is the principle of distinction: belligerents are required to distinguish between military objectives and the [civilian] population and [civilian] objects, and to 'direct their operations only against military objectives.'"
The term military objectives includes combatants (whether on or off duty) as well as military objects:
In so far as objects are concerned, military objectives are limited to those objects which by their nature, location, purpose or use make an effective contribution to military action and whose total or partial destruction, capture or neutralization, in the circumstances ruling at the time, offers a definite military advantage.
Under international humanitarian law applicable to international armed conflicts, combatants are persons who fall into the following categories:
Guerrilla and national liberation fighters were added as categories of combatants by Article 43 of Protocol I.
Any attack must be justified by military necessity: an attack or action must be intended to help in the military defeat of the enemy, it must be an attack on a military objective, and the harm caused to protected civilians or civilian property must be proportionate and not "excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated".
Some targets are clearly legitimate, including all military personnel directly engaging in hostilities on behalf of a belligerent party who are not hors de combat or are not members of a neutral country. Some civilian infrastructure, such as rail tracks, roads, ports, airports, and telecommunications used by the military for communications or transporting assets, are all considered to be legitimate military targets.
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Legitimate military target
A legitimate military target is an object, structure, individual, or entity that is considered to be a valid target for attack by belligerent forces according to the law of war during an armed conflict.
Additional Protocol I of 1977 to the 1949 Geneva Conventions provides for the general protection of protected persons by limiting direct attacks to military objectives in a war between two or more belligerents. "With respect to the conduct of military operations, perhaps the most fundamental principle is the principle of distinction: belligerents are required to distinguish between military objectives and the [civilian] population and [civilian] objects, and to 'direct their operations only against military objectives.'"
The term military objectives includes combatants (whether on or off duty) as well as military objects:
In so far as objects are concerned, military objectives are limited to those objects which by their nature, location, purpose or use make an effective contribution to military action and whose total or partial destruction, capture or neutralization, in the circumstances ruling at the time, offers a definite military advantage.
Under international humanitarian law applicable to international armed conflicts, combatants are persons who fall into the following categories:
Guerrilla and national liberation fighters were added as categories of combatants by Article 43 of Protocol I.
Any attack must be justified by military necessity: an attack or action must be intended to help in the military defeat of the enemy, it must be an attack on a military objective, and the harm caused to protected civilians or civilian property must be proportionate and not "excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated".
Some targets are clearly legitimate, including all military personnel directly engaging in hostilities on behalf of a belligerent party who are not hors de combat or are not members of a neutral country. Some civilian infrastructure, such as rail tracks, roads, ports, airports, and telecommunications used by the military for communications or transporting assets, are all considered to be legitimate military targets.
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