This is a list of republics. For antiquity (or later in the case of societies that did not refer to modern terminology to qualify their form of government) the assessment of whether a state organisation is a republic is based on retrospective analysis by historians and political theorists. For more recent systems of government, worldwide organisations with a broad political acceptance (such as the United Nations), can provide information on whether or not a sovereign state is referred to as a republic.

A free imperial city was a self-ruling city member of the Holy Roman Empire that was represented in the Imperial Diet.

A sister republic was a client state of France established by French armies or by local revolutionaries and assisted by the French First Republic during the French Revolutionary Wars.

Africa

America

Asia

Europe

Oceania