Lushi County
Lushi County
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Lushi County

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Lushi County

Lushi County (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: 盧氏縣; pinyin: Lúshì Xiàn) is a county under the jurisdiction of Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, the People's Republic of China. It is adjacent to Lingbao City in the north, Luoning County and Luanchuan County in the east, Xixia County in Nanyang City in the south, and Luonan County, Danfeng County and Shangnan County in Shaanxi Province in the west and southwest. It covers an area of 4,004 square kilometers and has a population of 317,232 in 2020. The county government is stationed in Chengguan Town. The county was established in 113 BC. It is the county with the largest area, the smallest population density and the highest average altitude in Henan Province, and it is also a provincial forest city in Henan Province.

In the Paleolithic Age 100,000 years ago, the territory of Lushi County was the activity range of the Homo sapiens of Lushi. In the prehistoric period, there were Shilongtou Site, Guotai Site, Qicunwan Site, Gangtai Site, Huoyan Site, Sanjiaochengye Iron Site, etc. The archaeological site was the Xindi of the Guo State in the Western Zhou dynasty, and in the Spring and Autumn period was the residence of the Yin Rong. The earliest record of the Lushi in the history books is the account of the Jin State in 456 BC in the "Bamboo Book Chronicles". According to the records of occupying this place, after the three families were divided into the Jin dynasty, King Han Xuan set up Sanchuan Commandery, which belonged to the county. Later Qin attacked Han and took Sanchuan Commandery. In 205 BC, Sanchuan Commandery was changed to Henan Commandery.

In 113 BC, Lushi County was established in the Han dynasty, which belongs to Hongnong Commandery. In the Western Jin dynasty, it belonged to Shangluo Commandery, Qingzhou was set up here in the former Qin dynasty, and Nanshan County, Shicheng County and Zhuyang County were located in the Lushi County in the Northern Wei dynasty, and the Lushi County was included in Han'an Commandery. In the Western Wei dynasty, Yichuan Commandery was established, and Lushi County belonged to it. In 583, the Sui dynasty abolished the Commandery and changed the prefecture to Guo Zhou. In 607, the prefecture was abolished. Lushi County belonged to Henan Commandery. In 617, Guo Commandery was established, under the jurisdiction of Lushi County, Hongnong County, and Taolin County, where the governance is located in Lushi County. In 618, the Tang dynasty changed Guo Commandery to Guo Zhou, and in 634 the administrative office was moved to Hongnong. In the Yuan dynasty, Song County, Luanchuan County and Lushi County belonged to Song Zhou, Nanyang Prefecture. In 1370, the Ming dynasty put Lushi County under the jurisdiction of Shanzhou, Henan Prefecture, and it belonged to Henan Prefecture in the Qing dynasty.

In 1913, it belonged to West Henan Road. In 1914, West Henan Road was changed to Heluo Road. In 1920, Lushi suffered a severe drought and famine occurred. From August 1923 to June 1924, there were three successive civil uprisings in Lushi County. In 1928, Heluo Road was abolished, and Lushi County was directly under Henan Province. In 1931, it belonged to the Office of the Commissioner of the Eleventh District of Shanzhou. In 1934, the 25th Red Army occupied Lushi and became the core area of the Red Army base in Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi. In December 1938, the CCP decided to establish a Communist Party organization in Lushi County. In August 1947, it was the first agency of Henan Province. In October, Sanchuan Town, Luanchuan Town, Taowan Town and Miaozi Town in Lushi County were placed under the newly established Luanchuan County.

In 1949, it belonged to the Shaanzhou Special Area. In the spring of 1951, the land reform movement in Lushi County began. On April 8, 1952, Lushi County was placed under the Luoyang Special Area. On March 2, Lushi County began an anti-rightist movement. In the autumn of 1958, a large number of laborers in Lushi County participated in the large-scale iron and steel smelting, which seriously affected agricultural production and caused a famine. During the Cultural Revolution in 1968, there were many armed fighting incidents in Lushi County. After the Cultural Revolution, Sanmenxia City was established in 1986, and Lushi was a county. In late July 2007, a severe flood occurred in Lushi County. On February 26, 2020, the Henan provincial government approved 14 counties including Lushi County to withdraw from poverty-stricken counties.

Lushi County is located in the west of Henan Province, southwest of Sanmenxia City, and is connected to Luoning County and Luanchuan County in Luoyang City in the east; adjacent to Luonan County in Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province in the west; and Xixia County in Nanyang City and Shangluo in Shaanxi Province in the south. Danfeng County and Shangnan County in the city; the north is connected with Lingbao City, with a total area of 4004 square kilometers. Lushi County spans Liao Mountain, Xiong'er Mountain and Funiu Mountain. The terrain is high in the southwest and low in the northeast. It is mainly composed of mountains, hills and valley basins. The average elevation of the county is 1221 meters. The highest point in the territory is Yuhuangjian, which is 2057.9 meters above sea level. Lushi County is located between the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin. The Luo River and Duguan River in the north belong to the Yellow River water system, and the drainage area accounts for about 70% of the county; the Laoguan River and Qi River in the south are the upper reaches of the Danjiang River, a tributary of the Han River. accounting for 30% of the county. There are more than 2,400 rivers and streams in the county, including 14 rivers with a drainage area of more than 100 square kilometers. The total amount of water resources in the county is 846 million cubic meters, the average annual runoff of surface water is 840 million cubic meters, and the total amount of development and utilization is 466 million cubic meters.

Lushi County has a total of 366,354.89 hectares of land. As of 2019, forest land accounted for 80.2%. A total of 52 kinds of minerals have been discovered, accounting for 49.1% of the total number of minerals discovered in Henan Province, including 22 kinds of metal minerals and 30 kinds of non-metal minerals, 19 kinds of which have been developed and utilized, with a potential economic value of more than 1 trillion With a proven resource reserve of 370 million tons of molybdenum ore, it ranks first in Henan Province; iron ore reserves are 78 million tons, and prospective reserves are 150 million tons, ranking second in Henan Province; antimony ore and lithium ore are characteristic minerals in Henan, and antimony ore The proven resource reserves are 3,370,800 tons, and the amount of metals is 104,000 tons; the proven reserves of lithium ore and rare metals are 7,894,700 tons, 58,200 tons of lithium metal, 18,400 tons of niobium and tantalum, and 570 tons of symbiotic cesium oxide. 1,650 tons of beryllium oxide, 809 tons of rubidium oxide. The proven resource reserves of high-quality chemical limestone in the southern part of the county are 612 million tons, which is considered to be the highest quality chemical limestone north of the Yangtze River.

Lushi County has well-preserved vegetation, with more than 2,400 species of various plants and more than 1,200 kinds of wild Chinese medicinal materials. It is one of the top ten traditional Chinese medicinal materials base counties in China. There are 21 species of wild plants under national key protection in China, among which the first-level key protected plants are Ginkgo biloba, yew, Taxus chinensis, Metasequoia; the second-class protected plants include 17 species such as Qinling fir and spruce. There are more than 400 species of wild animals, and 46 species of wild animals under national key protection in China. Among them, the first-level key protected wild animals include North China leopard, forest musk deer, black stork, golden eagle, white-shouldered eagle, and white-tailed sea eagle. The second-level key protected wild animals include 40 species of golden pheasant and giant salamander.

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