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Madho Singh I
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Madho Singh I
Sawai Madho Singh I (20 May 1728 – 5 March 1768) was the Kachwaha ruler of the Kingdom of Jaipur. He was the younger son of Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II and younger half brother of Sawai Ishwari Singh. He became ruler of Jaipur after his brother Sawai Ishwari Singh died in 1750. He established the city of Sawai Madhopur in 1763. He also allied with Vijay Singh Rathore against Ahmad Shah Abdali
Following the death of Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II in the year 1743, a succession dispute arose in Jaipur. The designated heir, Ishwari Singh, ascended the throne. However, Madho Singh, Jai Singh's younger son from a Mewar princess, contested the claim.
He based his claim on a historical agreement signed in 1708 between Maharana Amar Singh II of Mewar and other Rajput states, including Kingdom of Amber (Jaipur's predecessor). This pact supposedly ensured succession for any son born of a Mewar princess, regardless of birth order. Upholding this tradition, Maharana Jagat Singh II of Mewar supported his grand nephew Madho Singh, and launched a military campaign to enthrone him.
A decisive battle ensued near Rajamahal, where the Mewar forces under Maharana Jagat Singh II clashed with the Marathas, who sided with Ishwari Singh at the Battle of Rajamahal in 1747. The Mewar army suffered defeat. Despite the setback, Ishwari Singh, emboldened by the initial victory, marched against and defeated the Hada Chauhan chiefs of Bundi and Kota with Maratha assistance.
Facing continued opposition from Mewar, Ishwari Singh sought additional Maratha support. However, Malhar Rao Holkar demanded a hefty sum and territorial concessions in exchange for aiding Madho Singh's claim. Unable to bear the pressure and fearing for his safety, Ishwari Singh committed suicide in 1750. This paved the way for Madho Singh's ascension to the throne of Jaipur as Maharaja Sawai Madho Singh I.
Madho Singh I was at Udaipur when his half brother Ishwari Singh committed suicide. Following this Madho Singh was crowned as the new Kachwaha ruler of Jaipur.
Madho Singh invited Jayappa Scindia who arrived in due time along with Malhar Rao Holkar to dinner. Marathas having mindset of getting huge lumpsum from Jaipur,when denied actions changed significantly.Next day on 10 January 1751, about 5,000 Marathas marched through Jaipur and started looting and plunder of the city's temples and monuments. Marathas seemed to have behaved towards Jaipur like city taken by storms. Suddenly the pent-up hatred of the Rajput gentry burst forth and a riot broke out at noon and citizens attacked unsuspected Marathas. Madho Singh I posted assassins along the escape routes to kill off the Maratha envoys calling for aid.
He won several important battles against other rulers. He later reconciled with the Marathas after rewarding Holkar for his help in gaining the Jaipur throne by giving him the parganas of Rampura, Bhanpura and Tonk in 1753. According to Vir Vinod which is 19th-century creation, Madho Singh gave poison to Maharaja Bakht Singh of Marwar but according to contemporary Persian sources Bakht Singh died due to cholera in 1752.
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Madho Singh I
Sawai Madho Singh I (20 May 1728 – 5 March 1768) was the Kachwaha ruler of the Kingdom of Jaipur. He was the younger son of Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II and younger half brother of Sawai Ishwari Singh. He became ruler of Jaipur after his brother Sawai Ishwari Singh died in 1750. He established the city of Sawai Madhopur in 1763. He also allied with Vijay Singh Rathore against Ahmad Shah Abdali
Following the death of Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II in the year 1743, a succession dispute arose in Jaipur. The designated heir, Ishwari Singh, ascended the throne. However, Madho Singh, Jai Singh's younger son from a Mewar princess, contested the claim.
He based his claim on a historical agreement signed in 1708 between Maharana Amar Singh II of Mewar and other Rajput states, including Kingdom of Amber (Jaipur's predecessor). This pact supposedly ensured succession for any son born of a Mewar princess, regardless of birth order. Upholding this tradition, Maharana Jagat Singh II of Mewar supported his grand nephew Madho Singh, and launched a military campaign to enthrone him.
A decisive battle ensued near Rajamahal, where the Mewar forces under Maharana Jagat Singh II clashed with the Marathas, who sided with Ishwari Singh at the Battle of Rajamahal in 1747. The Mewar army suffered defeat. Despite the setback, Ishwari Singh, emboldened by the initial victory, marched against and defeated the Hada Chauhan chiefs of Bundi and Kota with Maratha assistance.
Facing continued opposition from Mewar, Ishwari Singh sought additional Maratha support. However, Malhar Rao Holkar demanded a hefty sum and territorial concessions in exchange for aiding Madho Singh's claim. Unable to bear the pressure and fearing for his safety, Ishwari Singh committed suicide in 1750. This paved the way for Madho Singh's ascension to the throne of Jaipur as Maharaja Sawai Madho Singh I.
Madho Singh I was at Udaipur when his half brother Ishwari Singh committed suicide. Following this Madho Singh was crowned as the new Kachwaha ruler of Jaipur.
Madho Singh invited Jayappa Scindia who arrived in due time along with Malhar Rao Holkar to dinner. Marathas having mindset of getting huge lumpsum from Jaipur,when denied actions changed significantly.Next day on 10 January 1751, about 5,000 Marathas marched through Jaipur and started looting and plunder of the city's temples and monuments. Marathas seemed to have behaved towards Jaipur like city taken by storms. Suddenly the pent-up hatred of the Rajput gentry burst forth and a riot broke out at noon and citizens attacked unsuspected Marathas. Madho Singh I posted assassins along the escape routes to kill off the Maratha envoys calling for aid.
He won several important battles against other rulers. He later reconciled with the Marathas after rewarding Holkar for his help in gaining the Jaipur throne by giving him the parganas of Rampura, Bhanpura and Tonk in 1753. According to Vir Vinod which is 19th-century creation, Madho Singh gave poison to Maharaja Bakht Singh of Marwar but according to contemporary Persian sources Bakht Singh died due to cholera in 1752.
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