Market Weighton (/ˌmɑːrkɪt ˈwiːtən/ WEE-tən) is a town and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is one of the main towns in the East Yorkshire Wolds and lies midway between Hull and York, about 20 miles (32 km) from either one. According to the 2021 UK Census Market Weighton parish had a population of 7,459, an increase on the 2011 UK census population of 6,429, which was an increase on the 2001 UK census figure of 5,212.

The 19th-century English lexicographer Sir William Smith proposed Market Weighton as the location of the still-undiscovered Roman camp of Delgovicia. In the 16th century the antiquarian William Camden had also identified Delgovicia with this town, which he called Wighton. Historically the town was listed in the Domesday Book of 1086 as "Wicstun", and was granted its charter to become a market town in 1251; the markets ceased in the nineteenth century. Notable architecture includes: a parish church, parts of which are Norman, the Londesborough Arms (an 18th-century coaching inn), a Wesleyan chapel, a Methodist chapel and a high street still recognisable from the 19th century. Other sights of interest include the post office, the duck pond and Station Farm. Market Weighton history includes William Bradley, the Yorkshire Giant who at the age of 20 was 7 ft 9 in (2.36 m) tall. In May of each year local residents take to the streets of Market Weighton for the Giant Bradley Day (formerly Giant Community Day) festival in a celebration of the life and times of William Bradley. Industry in the town is largely based on agriculture. The town is known geologically for having given its name to the Market Weighton Axis.

The Yorkshire Wolds Way National Trail, a long-distance footpath, passes through the town.

The history of the manor is extraordinarily complex because the Crown was long reluctant to treat grants of it as freehold. The first beneficiary was the northern baron Geoffrey fitz Pain, who was holding it when King Henry I died in 1135. He held it till 1163 when on his death it was taken back into the king's hand and entrusted to the sheriff of York who accounted for it at the exchequer. In 1177 Hugh du Puiset, bishop of Durham, secured possession of the regium manerium de Wicthtun from King Henry II to enhance the estate of the bishop's son Henry. Henry du Puiset held it uncontested until 1204, when the several heirs of Geoffrey fitz Pain of the Trussebut family began a series of lawsuits to recover it as if Geoffrey had held it in fee of the king, which it is unlikely that he did. Nonetheless by 1219 several heirs had secured shares. Until the 14th century Weighton manor was in two halves, one half initially further divided into a third share and a two-third share, each in 1276 owing the service of a single knight's fee. The senior half-share (which included a soke court) was awarded to the eldest daughter of William Trussebut, Rohese, or rather to her son, Robert II de Ros, lord of Helmsley. It stayed in the baronial family of Ros, lords of Helmsley, into the 14th century, when it was reunited with the other shares, which had been allotted to the Fitz Herbert and Daubigny families. Agnes daughter of Robert (III) de Ros married Payn de Tibetot and the manor eventually came to Thomas Broomfleet, Lord Vesci, from whom it passed to the Lords Clifford, who held it with their manor of Londesborough and the two manors followed the same succession until the modern period.

As a civil parish, Market Weighton has a town council, which operates under the East Riding of Yorkshire Council.

In 2003, after some local consultation, the Weighton Area Regeneration Partnership (WARP) adopted a slogan and logo, 'The Heart of East Yorkshire', intended to indicate both its central location in the county and the strength of the local community. WARP was dissolved in 2012 but the phrase continued in use to promote the area and on local signage.

Market Weighton has three churches. These are All Saints’ Church, St John's Methodist Church and the Roman Catholic Church of Our Lady of Perpetual Help. The church dedicated to All Saints was designated a Grade I listed building in 1967 and is now recorded in the National Heritage List for England, maintained by Historic England.

Market Weighton railway station was at the junction of the lines to Selby, Driffield, York and Beverley. The last train ran in 1965. The abandoned lines to Beverley and to Selby are now used as public paths as the Hudson Way and Bubwith Rail Trail, respectively.