Market anarchism is the branch of anarchism that advocates a free-market economic system based on voluntary interactions without the involvement of the state; a form of individualist anarchism.

Due to contending definitions of the terms 'markets' and 'capitalism' which are not used by free-market anti-capitalists, anarcho-capitalism has been referred to synonymously as "free-market anarchism," but the ideologies differ significantly. The Center for a Stateless Society (C4SS), which Kevin Carson is associated with, is one such group of free-market anti-capitalists. As is Samuel Edward Konkin III's agorism, a tendency associated with left-libertarianism.

Some writers, such as Iain McKay, have been skeptical of this conceptual nomenclature on the grounds that it still leads to misunderstandings about its similarity to anarcho-capitalists.