Martin Rundkvist (born 4 April 1972) is a Swedish archaeologist, translator, and associate professor at the University of Łódź in Poland. His research focuses on the Bronze, Iron, and Middle Ages of Scandinavia, including significant excavations in the province of Östergötland.

Rundkvist has studied and excavated various sites in Sweden, particularly in the country's south. In 2003 and 2004, he published a three-volume work which doubled as his PhD dissertation, cataloguing the finds from Barshalder [sv; de], the largest prehistoric cemetery on the Swedish island of Gotland. A subsequent book identified nine possible regional power centres in Östergötland, and attempted to determine where the "Beowulfian mead halls" of the day once stood. Excavating years later at one of these sites, Aska [sv], Rundkvist uncovered the foundations of a large mead hall, and 30 ornate gold figures that might have represented gods or royals. In other works, Rundkvist has excavated a Viking boat grave, and analysed both the placement of deposited artefacts in the landscape and the lifestyles of the Scandinavian élite during the Middle Ages.

Rundkvist has worked in archaeology since 1992, including research and lecture posts at the universities of Exeter, Chester, Linnaeus, and Tallinn. He spent two decades as managing editor of Fornvännen, a journal on archaeology and medieval art, and authors the blog Aardvarchaeology, which the James Randi Educational Foundation termed "the most-read archaeology blog on the Internet". Rundkvist served as chair for the Swedish Skeptics' Association for four years, and edited its quarterly magazine Folkvett [sv].

Martin Rundkvist was born on 4 April 1972 in Stockholm, Sweden, to Åsa Leander and Pelle Rundkvist. Other than living in Connecticut from 1976 to 1978 while his father worked in advertising at Young & Rubicam in New York, Rundkvist has spent his entire life in Stockholm. As a teenager in the 1980s, he played role-playing games and spent time on online bulletin board systems. Rundkvist graduated with a Bachelor of Arts from Stockholm University in 1992, and received his PhD from the same institution in 2003. In 2001, Rundkvist won several games on the Swedish version of the television show Jeopardy!. That same year, he gave a public talk on J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth and its connection to archaeology.

Rundkvist has held archaeological positions since 1992; these were primarily research-related, but included contract work. Among these were positions as an honorary researcher at the University of Exeter from 2005 to 2008, as a project leader, field archaeologist, and artefact specialist for Värmdö Municipality from 2007 to 2008, and as a visiting researcher at the University of Chester from 2008 to 2015. Howard Williams, an archaeologist at Chester, said that Rundkvist's appointment "augments our international research expertise in early medieval archaeology, and we foresee a range of advantages for collaborative research and fieldwork opportunities for students in Viking Age archaeology". Rundkvist was a senior lecturer at Linnaeus University starting in 2012, and at Umeå University starting in autumn 2013. In 2014 he began working as a collaborator at Tallinn University's Institute of History. He joined the faculty at the University of Łódź's Institute of Archaeology in January 2020, and as of 2021 is an associate professor there.

Rundkvist has held a variety of positions with academic journals. From April 1999 to November 2018, he was the managing editor of the quarterly Fornvännen—the Journal of Swedish Antiquarian Research—published by the Royal Swedish Academy of Letters, History and Antiquities. Rundkvist wrote that he joined partly to gain "a better platform in academic archaeology than the shaky one I had as a PhD student", and stayed in part because "the Royal Academy of Letters is a very good employer and takes care of its people".

From 2006 to 2012, Rundkvist served as the Scandinavian correspondent for Antiquity. He also served as a referee for the journal, and for the International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, In Situ Archaeologica, Norwegian Archaeological Review, and the Estonian Journal of Archaeology. He has kept an influential blog since at least 2006, first titled "Salto Sobrius", and now known as Aardvarchaeology; it has been termed by the James Randi Educational Foundation as "the most-read archaeology blog on the Internet", and by Archaeology as a "quirky and popular Swedish blog" with "an opinionated perspective on scientific archaeology with a particular focus on Scandinavia". Rundkvist has announced several finds on the blog, such as a 16th-century sword found in Djurhamn [sv], and a Viking crucifix estimated to be Denmark's oldest. Rundkvist is also a member of the Internationales Sachsensymposion, an international society formed to study Germanic Saxons and the relationships between these populations and those in countries bordering the North and Baltic Seas.

Rundkvist has frequently featured in the news media. In 2011, Sweden's national newspaper Dagens Nyheter and other outlets repeatedly covered a controversy between Rundkvist and the amateur archaeologist Bob Lind about excavations at the Ale's Stones stone ship, with Rundkvist noting that Lind's theories of the Stones' date and use were at odds with the scientific consensus. Speaking to Live Science, Rundkvist said that the stones were likely a grave marker from "the world of Beowulf". Rundkvist participated in Curators of Sweden in 2016, handling the country's official Twitter account, @Sweden, for what he termed a "geeky, pun-ridden and bookish" week. The following year, he appeared in a debate in Svenska Dagbladet about the low level of thematically relevant training among Sweden's museum directors. Rundkvist had attracted attention as far back as 2002 for criticising Swedish History Museum director Kristian Berg [sv], whom he called "a non-archaeologist whose attitude to the museum placed in his care may be summarised as politically expedient, instrumental and post-modernist".