Mauritia flexuosa
Mauritia flexuosa
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Mauritia flexuosa

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Mauritia flexuosa

Mauritia flexuosa, known as the moriche palm, ité palm, ita, buriti, muriti, miriti (Brazil), canangucho (Colombia), morete or acho (Ecuador), palma real (Bolivia), or aguaje (Peru), is a palm tree. It grows in and near swamps and other wet areas in tropical South America.

Mauritia flexuosa can reach up to 35 m (115 ft) in height. Henderson and McBride both give a height of 50 m (160 ft). The trunk can be up to 70 cm (28 in) diameter at breast height The large leaves form a rounded crown. The tree produces Pneumatophores which can develop as much as 30 metres (98 ft) from the trunk. suggesting a very extensive root system. The flowers are yellowish and appear from December to April. The fruit, which grows from December to June, is a chestnut color and is covered with shiny scales. The yellow flesh covers a hard, oval nut. The seeds float, and this is the means by which the palm tree propagates. In natural populations, the tree reaches very high densities.

Mauritia flexuosa is found in the wild in South America in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad, and Venezuela.

The fruit, which is an orange-brown and covered with neat rows of scales, are consumed by catfish during the annual floods and then deposited sometimes at a considerable distance from the mother plant. When the waters reside, the seeds germinate.

Moriche palm fruit ("morete" in the Oriente of Ecuador) is edible and used to make juice, jam, ice cream, a fermented "wine", desserts and snacks, requiring harvesting of more than 50 tonnes per day in Peru.

The inflorescence buds are eaten as a vegetable and the sap can be drunk fresh or fermented (see palm wine). Threads and cords are locally produced from the tree's fibers.

Humans consume palm weevil larvae (Rhynchophorus palmarum) which burrow in the tree trunk.

Buriti oil is an orange-reddish oil extracted from the fruit of the moriche palm. The oil contains high concentrations of oleic acid, tocopherols, and carotenoids, especially beta-carotene. The oil has a reddish color used as ink on hides and skins. Batana oil, a similar oil extract, has seen hair and skin care use since indigenous times.

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