Mediaș (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈmedi.aʃ] ^ⓘ; Latin: Media, German: Mediasch, Transylvanian Saxon: Medwesch/Medveš/Medwisch, Hungarian: Medgyes) is a city in Sibiu County, Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania. With a recorded history that began in the 13th century, it has nearly 40,000 residents today.

Mediaș is located in the middle basin of Târnava Mare River, at 39 km (24 mi) from Sighișoara and 41 km (25 mi) from Blaj. The health resort Bazna, officially recognized for the first time in 1302, is 18 km (11 mi) from Mediaș. The health resort offers mineral water springs, rich in salts, mineral mud and a special type of salt, called "Bazna salt". The distance between Mediaș and the county's residence Sibiu is 55 km (34 mi).

The city administers one village, Ighișu Nou (Eibesdorf; Szászivánfalva).

The first signs of human communities in the area are thought to be from the middle Neolithic period.

The name of the city comes from the Hungarian word meggy (sour cherry). The Romanian name originates in the German version, which comes from the Hungarian name (Medgyes).

In the 13th century, the kings of Hungary invited German settlers known as Transylvanian Saxons to the area, who settled in the valley of the Târnava Mare River.

In 1850, Mediaș had a population of 5,230 inhabitants, of which 2,986 were Germans (57.1%), 1,710 Romanians (32.7%), 264 Hungarians (5%), 200 Roma (3.8%), and 70 (1.3%) of other ethnicities. In 1910, the town had 8,626 inhabitants (44.8% Germans, more specifically Transylvanian Saxons, 31.6% Romanians, and 19.9% Hungarians). In 1992, there were 64,481 inhabitants. In 2022, according to that year's Romanian census postponed one year because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the figure had fallen to 39,505.

The ethnic composition in 2022 was as follows: