The AK-47 utilizes a gas-operated system with a long-stroke piston, known for its robust reliability even under harsh conditions and with minimal maintenance. This system is tolerant of dirt and fouling, a crucial factor for military applications.

The AK-47 features a rotating bolt with two locking lugs, providing a secure locking mechanism and contributing to the rifle's overall reliability and safety.

The 7.62x39mm cartridge provides a good balance between range, accuracy, and stopping power. Its moderate recoil makes the AK-47 relatively controllable in automatic fire.

The AKM's stamped receiver, introduced in 1959, simplified manufacturing and reduced production costs, enabling mass production and widespread distribution. Stamping replaced more complex machining processes.

The AK-47 is designed for easy disassembly and maintenance, even by soldiers with limited technical training. This field serviceability is a significant advantage in combat situations.