Sir Mohammed Fathi Ahmed Ibrahim KCMG (Arabic: محمد إبراهيم; born 3 May 1946) is a Sudanese-British billionaire businessman. He worked for several telecommunications companies, before founding Celtel, which, when sold, had over 24 million mobile phone subscribers in 14 African countries. After selling Celtel in 2005 for $3.4 billion, he set up the Mo Ibrahim Foundation to encourage better governance in Africa, as well as creating the Ibrahim Index of African Governance, to evaluate nations' performance. He is also a member of the Africa regional advisory board of London Business School.

In 2007 he initiated the Mo Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership, which awards $5 million to African heads of state who deliver security, health, education and economic development to their constituents and democratically transfer power to their successors. Ibrahim has pledged to give at least half of his wealth to charity by joining The Giving Pledge.

According to the Forbes 2011 Billionaire List, Mo Ibrahim is worth $1.8 billion, making him the 692nd richest person in the world. He was also selected for the TIME magazine's "Top 100" list in 2008 and was ranked first in the annual Powerlist of influential Black Britons.

Mo Ibrahim was born on 3 May 1946 in Sudan, of Nubian descent, the second of five children, four of whom were boys. His family moved to Alexandria, Egypt, when he was young, and father Fathi was employed there by a cotton company, and his mother Aida was very keen that they all get a good education.

Ibrahim has a bachelor's degree from Alexandria University in electrical engineering. In 1974, he returned to Sudan and started working for the telephone company, Sudan Telecom. He moved to England and earned a master's degree from the University of Bradford in Electronics and Electrical Engineering, and a PhD from the University of Birmingham in Mobile Communications.

Before funding the Mo Ibrahim Foundation in 2006, Ibrahim was employed by British Telecom and later worked as the technical director for Cellnet (now O2), a subsidiary of British Telecom, where he launched the first cellular network in the UK. In 1989 he founded MSI, a consultancy and software company, which in 2000 was bought by the Marconi Company.

In 1998, MSI spun off MSI-Cellular Investments, later renamed Celtel, as a mobile phone operator in Africa. Celtel was largely financed by equity rather than international banks, which were averse to investment in Africa at the time.

In 2004, Ibrahim announced that he planned to take Celtel public through the London Stock Exchange. Ibrahim and his team decided to sell Celtel in 2005 to Kuwait-based the Mobile Telecommunications Company (now Zain). At the time of sale, Celtel had over 24 million mobile phone subscribers in 14 African countries. The company had 4,000 employees, of whom 98 per cent were African. Mobile telephones have brought wide reaching economic and social benefits in Africa and Ibrahim was credited with "transforming a continent". In 2008, he was ranked first in the annual Powerlist of the most influential Black Britons.