Moriya (Pāli: Moriya) was an ancient Indo-Aryan tribe of northeastern South Asia whose existence is attested during the Iron Age. The Moriyas were organised into a gaṇasaṅgha (an aristocratic oligarchic republic), presently referred to as the Moriya Republic.

The Moriyas lived to the northeast of Kosala, from which they were separated by the Anomā or Rāptī river. The Moriyas' western neighbours were the Koliyas, while the Mallas lived to their east, and the Sarayū river was their southern border.

The capital of the Moriyas was Pipphalivana, which the 7th century CE Chinese pilgrim Xuanzang later referred to by the name of Nyagrodhavana.

The Moriyas originally obtained their name from the mayura (peacock) because the peacock was their totem.

Like the other republican tribes neighbouring them, the Moriyas were an Indo-Aryan tribe in the eastern Gangetic plain in the Greater Magadha cultural region.

After the death of the Buddha, the Moriyas claimed a share of his relics from the Mallas of Kusinārā, in whose territory he had died and had been cremated. The Moriyas received the embers from the Buddha's cremation, which they then enclosed within a stūpa in their capital of Pipphalivana.

King Ajatashatru of Magadha annexed The Moriyas soon after he had annexed the Vajjika League.

According to Buddhist tradition, the Moriya tribe were the ancestors of the Maurya dynasty who under the leadership of Chandragupta Maurya in the 4th century BCE seized power in Magadha. Chandragupta and his descendants would expand the Magadha empire so that it at one point ruled most of South Asia.