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Multi-crew pilot licence
A multi-crew pilot licence (MPL) is a pilot licence that permits an aircraft pilot to act as co-pilot of a multi-crew aircraft.
The MPL is specified by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). It was created in 2006 to provide an alternative means for ab-initio students to become commercial air transport (airline) pilots. Requirements were first included in the 10th edition of Annex 1 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Personnel Licensing), published in November 2006.
The MPL is based on competency-based approach to training professional pilots. Previous training syllabi were task-based and hours-based. Calls in the 1990s for review of pilot training led to ICAO convening a Flight Crew Licensing and Training Panel (FCLTP) in 2001. This led to the MPL concept, which aims to take advantage of modern flight simulators and instructional systems design (ISD), and to provide training more appropriate to the highly automated environment of the modern flight deck.
Captain Dieter Harms, who was chairman of the management board of Lufthansa Flight Training and who has been dubbed the "father of the MPL", has stated the MPL programme was not introduced to deal with a pilot shortage, and was not introduced to reduce training costs.
According to IATA, as of March 2021, there had been 4,018 MPL graduates worldwide, of which 1,358 trained with Lufthansa and its subsidiaries.
In EASA states, the MPL is only issued for fixed-wing aeroplanes.
MPLs are not issued by the United States or Canada. ALPA, a trade union, opposes implementation of the MPL in the United States. Foreign pilots with an MPL may fly into the United States as co-pilot on a non-US registered aircraft, but they cannot operate a US-registered aircraft for a US carrier. However, foreign MPL students can attend US flight schools for flight training.
Applicants must be at least 18 years old, hold a Class 1 medical certificate, and have completed the theoretical training for an airline transport pilot licence (ATPL).
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Multi-crew pilot licence
A multi-crew pilot licence (MPL) is a pilot licence that permits an aircraft pilot to act as co-pilot of a multi-crew aircraft.
The MPL is specified by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). It was created in 2006 to provide an alternative means for ab-initio students to become commercial air transport (airline) pilots. Requirements were first included in the 10th edition of Annex 1 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Personnel Licensing), published in November 2006.
The MPL is based on competency-based approach to training professional pilots. Previous training syllabi were task-based and hours-based. Calls in the 1990s for review of pilot training led to ICAO convening a Flight Crew Licensing and Training Panel (FCLTP) in 2001. This led to the MPL concept, which aims to take advantage of modern flight simulators and instructional systems design (ISD), and to provide training more appropriate to the highly automated environment of the modern flight deck.
Captain Dieter Harms, who was chairman of the management board of Lufthansa Flight Training and who has been dubbed the "father of the MPL", has stated the MPL programme was not introduced to deal with a pilot shortage, and was not introduced to reduce training costs.
According to IATA, as of March 2021, there had been 4,018 MPL graduates worldwide, of which 1,358 trained with Lufthansa and its subsidiaries.
In EASA states, the MPL is only issued for fixed-wing aeroplanes.
MPLs are not issued by the United States or Canada. ALPA, a trade union, opposes implementation of the MPL in the United States. Foreign pilots with an MPL may fly into the United States as co-pilot on a non-US registered aircraft, but they cannot operate a US-registered aircraft for a US carrier. However, foreign MPL students can attend US flight schools for flight training.
Applicants must be at least 18 years old, hold a Class 1 medical certificate, and have completed the theoretical training for an airline transport pilot licence (ATPL).