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Munjong of Joseon
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Munjong of Joseon
Munjong (Korean: 문종; Hanja: 文宗; 15 November 1414 – 10 June 1452), personal name Yi Hyang, was the fifth monarch of Joseon. He was the eldest son of Sejong the Great and the father of the ill-fated King Danjong.
Yi Hyang was the longest serving heir apparent during the Joseon period, holding the position for a record 29 years.
In January 1421, Sejong instructed that his eight-year-old son be educated by scholars from the Hall of Worthies, then in October the same year, he was invested as crown prince and sent to study at the Sungkyunkwan. From 1442 until his own ascension to the throne in 1450, Yi Hyang served as regent and took care of state affairs during the final years of his father's reign, as Sejong developed various illnesses and disorders.
Most of his achievements were during his time as crown prince. Although credit is primarily given to Chang Yŏngsil for inventing the water gauge, the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty affirm that it was the prince who found measures of water levels in the ground. Yi Hyang also contributed to the development of the Korean vernacular script (today known as Hangul).
Yi Hyang ascended to the throne as King Munjong in 1450, and his reign marked the beginning of an imbalance of power at the Joseon court. Gim Bi-hwan describes the "interaction of the royal authority, administrative power, remonstrative power, and the collective authority of scholars outside the office," before Munjong as contributing to a situation that allowed the country to function constitutionally. During Munjong's reign, however, the balance collapsed, setting the stage for his brother to lead a coup d'etat in 1452 against Munjong's son.
Munjong's reign also saw the demolition of Gyejodang Hall, a building within Gyeongbokgung Palace, a facility that was used by Munjong when he was crown prince to handle state affairs on behalf of his father, Sejong and to greet foreign envoys.
During the reign of Munjong, books such as the Goryeosa and the Goryeosa Jeolyo were written. He was also deeply interested in military matters, and reformed the army into five sas from the previous twelve.
Munjong died on 10 June 1452 at the age of 37, likely of septicemia caused by infected boils. He was succeeded by his eldest son Danjong, who was only 12 at the time and was forced to abdicate in 1455 in favor of his uncle Grand Prince Seyong, who became King Sejo.
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Munjong of Joseon
Munjong (Korean: 문종; Hanja: 文宗; 15 November 1414 – 10 June 1452), personal name Yi Hyang, was the fifth monarch of Joseon. He was the eldest son of Sejong the Great and the father of the ill-fated King Danjong.
Yi Hyang was the longest serving heir apparent during the Joseon period, holding the position for a record 29 years.
In January 1421, Sejong instructed that his eight-year-old son be educated by scholars from the Hall of Worthies, then in October the same year, he was invested as crown prince and sent to study at the Sungkyunkwan. From 1442 until his own ascension to the throne in 1450, Yi Hyang served as regent and took care of state affairs during the final years of his father's reign, as Sejong developed various illnesses and disorders.
Most of his achievements were during his time as crown prince. Although credit is primarily given to Chang Yŏngsil for inventing the water gauge, the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty affirm that it was the prince who found measures of water levels in the ground. Yi Hyang also contributed to the development of the Korean vernacular script (today known as Hangul).
Yi Hyang ascended to the throne as King Munjong in 1450, and his reign marked the beginning of an imbalance of power at the Joseon court. Gim Bi-hwan describes the "interaction of the royal authority, administrative power, remonstrative power, and the collective authority of scholars outside the office," before Munjong as contributing to a situation that allowed the country to function constitutionally. During Munjong's reign, however, the balance collapsed, setting the stage for his brother to lead a coup d'etat in 1452 against Munjong's son.
Munjong's reign also saw the demolition of Gyejodang Hall, a building within Gyeongbokgung Palace, a facility that was used by Munjong when he was crown prince to handle state affairs on behalf of his father, Sejong and to greet foreign envoys.
During the reign of Munjong, books such as the Goryeosa and the Goryeosa Jeolyo were written. He was also deeply interested in military matters, and reformed the army into five sas from the previous twelve.
Munjong died on 10 June 1452 at the age of 37, likely of septicemia caused by infected boils. He was succeeded by his eldest son Danjong, who was only 12 at the time and was forced to abdicate in 1455 in favor of his uncle Grand Prince Seyong, who became King Sejo.