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Music publisher

A music publisher is a type of publisher that specializes in distributing music. Music publishers originally published sheet music. When copyright became legally protected, music publishers began to play a role in the management of the intellectual property of composers. Today, music publishers license compositions, collect royalties, and make sure songwriters and composers are paid when their work is used.

The term "music publisher" originally referred to publishers who issued hand-copied or printed sheet music.

Examples of music publishers actively in business as of June 2019 include:

In the music industry, a music publisher or publishing company is responsible for ensuring that songwriters and composers receive payment when their compositions are used commercially. Through an agreement called a publishing contract, a songwriter or composer assigns the copyright of their composition to a publishing company. In return, the company licenses compositions, helps monitor where compositions are used, collects royalties, and distributes them to the composers. They also secure commissions for music and promote existing compositions to recording artists, film, and television.

The copyrights owned and administered by publishing companies are one of the most important forms of intellectual property in the music industry. The other is the copyright on a master recording, which is typically owned by a record company. Publishing companies play a central role in managing this vital asset.

Successful songwriters and composers maintain a relationship with a publishing company defined by a publishing contract. Publishers also sometimes provide substantial advances against future income. In return, the publishing company receives a percentage, which can be as high as 50% and varies for different kinds of royalty.

There are several types of royalty:

Publishers also work to link new songs by songwriters with suitable recording artists to record them and to place writers' songs in other media such as movie soundtracks and commercials. They will typically also handle copyright registration and "ownership" matters for the composer. Music print publishers also supervise the issue of songbooks and sheet music by their artists.

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