Naomi Blake
Naomi Blake
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Naomi Blake née Zisel Dum (11 March 1924 – 7 November 2018) was a British sculptor, whose work reflected her experience as a Holocaust survivor.

Key Information

Biography

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Man against the odds by Blake at Tel Aviv University

Blake was born in Mukačevo, Czechoslovakia (now Mukachevo, Ukraine) to orthodox Jewish parents, Elazer Dum and Chay–Adel Shlussel, on 11 March 1924.[1][2][3][4] The youngest of ten children, Blake was originally named Zisel, meaning sweet, by her parents and changed her name to Naomi in 1948.[1] She survived the Holocaust as a teenager in Auschwitz, although many members of her family died there.[2][5] After Auschwitz, Blake and her surviving sister, Malchi, were sent to work at a munitions camp in the north of Nazi Germany occupied Poland. As the Red Army advanced in early 1945 the camp's inmates were marched towards the Baltic by the German Nazi army.[2] The sisters managed to escape this death march and eventually made their way, despite considerable dangers, back to Mukačevo.[2][4] In 1942, her family included 32 members: four grandparents, her parents, nine siblings, six spouses and ten young nieces and nephews but by 1945 only eight members survived.[1]

When the war ended, Blake boarded an illegal ship to make her way to Mandatory Palestine.[4] The ship was intercepted by the British and Blake was held at the Atlit detainee camp near Haifa.[4] When she was released she joined the Palmach but was shot in the neck by a British soldier in April 1947.[2] Recovering in hospital she began carving small figurines which soon became a passion for her.[2] In 1948 Blake joined the Women's Division of the Israel Defense Forces, serving with the rank of Sub-Lieutenant.[4]

Blake then lived in Milan, Rome and Jerusalem, before marrying her second husband, Asher Blake, a German refugee, in 1952 and making their home at Muswell Hill in north London.[4][5] Blake studied at the Hornsey School of Art in north London (now Middlesex University), from 1955 to 1960, taking evening classes.[1][5]

Work

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Refugee at Bristol Cathedral

Much of Blake's work has focused on the expression of her experiences.[1] However her work is principally optimistic, forward-looking and positive. It stands determinedly to help keep alive the legacy of the six million slaughtered Jews, as well as promoting Blake's vision for uniting faiths, building understanding between religions and her hope for the future.

Blake has been exhibiting since 1962. Her work has been exhibited in many galleries, in the UK and overseas. Solo exhibitions of her work were held at the Woodstock Gallery in 1972, the Magdalene Street Gallery in 1976, Embankment Gallery in 1980 and at Norwich Cathedral in 1987, at the Royal West of England Academy in Bristol during 1989 and her work featured in the 1991 Chelmsford Cathedral festival.[5]

Sculptures by Blake are permanently displayed on many sites, notably Fitzroy Square and St Ethelberga's Church in London, the University of Leicester Scarman Centre and The Holocaust Centre, Nottinghamshire. Her 1980 bronze resin sculpture, The Refugee is located in the garden of Bristol Cathedral while a similar 1985 piece, Sanctuary in fibreglass is in the grounds of St Botolph's Aldgate in the City of London.[6][7] Her works are also in various private collections, including those of the Queen Mother and the Prince of Wales.[1] She was a member of the Royal British Society of Sculptors.[4] Examples of her sculptures are held by the Ben Uri Gallery & Museum in London while other works are sited in public spaces in London, Leicester, Bristol and elsewhere.[8]

References

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Naomi Blake

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Naomi Blake was a British sculptor known for her bronze figurative and abstract works inspired by her survival of the Holocaust, often exploring themes of suffering, hope, refuge, and interfaith reconciliation. Her sculptures are permanently installed in numerous public spaces, cathedrals, synagogues, and hospitals across the United Kingdom, reflecting her dedication to fostering understanding between faiths and commemorating human resilience.[1][2] Born Zisel Dum in 1924 in Mukacevo, Czechoslovakia, into a large Jewish family, Blake endured deportation to Auschwitz in 1944, where most of her relatives were murdered, and later survived forced labor in a munitions factory—where she and her sister sabotaged bombs—before escaping during a death march. After the war she briefly returned to her ruined hometown, traveled to Palestine, and settled in London in 1952, where she rebuilt her life. She trained at Hornsey School of Art from 1955 to 1960, after which she worked in Milan, Rome, and Jerusalem before establishing herself as a professional sculptor in North London.[3][2] Blake exhibited widely from the early 1960s, including with the Society of Portrait Sculptors, at galleries such as Woodstock and Curwen, and in group shows at Ben Uri Gallery, where she also served on the Art Committee Council. She became a Fellow of the Royal British Society of Sculptors and created notable works such as Memorial to the Six Million, Abraham and Isaac, Solidarity, Refugee, and Mother and Child. Her commissions include installations at Bristol Cathedral, St Botolph’s Church Aldgate, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Norwich Cathedral, and various synagogues, alongside pieces held by Amnesty International and other institutions. Blake died in 2018.[1][2]

Early life

Birth and family background

Naomi Blake, née Zisel Dum, was born on 11 March 1924 in Mukačevo, Czechoslovakia (now Mukachevo, Ukraine), the youngest of ten children in an orthodox Jewish family. Her parents were Elazer Dum and Chay-Adel Shlussel. The family was part of a thriving Jewish community in the town, and her extended family numbered 32 members in 1942.[4]

Wartime experiences and Holocaust survival

In April 1944, under the German-backed Hungarian regime, Naomi and her family were deported in cattle trains to Auschwitz concentration camp, where many relatives were murdered immediately upon arrival. Naomi and her sister Malchi were selected for forced labour and later transferred to a munitions factory in Braunschweig (northern Nazi-occupied Poland), where they sabotaged the bombs they were forced to assemble. As Soviet forces approached in early 1945, they escaped during a death march. Of the 32 extended family members, only eight survived the Holocaust.[3][4] After escaping, Naomi returned to Mukačevo in July 1945, finding her home in ruins and confirming the loss of most of her family.

Post-war period

Naomi travelled to Mandatory Palestine on an illegal immigrant ship, was interned at the Atlit camp, joined the Palmach, and was injured by a British soldier in 1947. While recovering, she began sculpting small figurines from olivewood, sparking her interest in sculpture. In 1948, she served in the Israel Defense Forces Women's Division. She later lived in Milan, Rome, and Jerusalem before settling in North London in 1952 after marrying Asher Blake. She studied at Hornsey School of Art from 1955 to 1960.[4]

Career

Training and early career

After settling in London in 1952, Naomi Blake began her formal artistic training at Hornsey School of Art, where she studied from 1955 to 1960. Her interest in sculpture began earlier, in 1948 while recuperating in Palestine, when she carved a piece of olivewood. Following her studies, she worked in Milan, Rome, and Jerusalem before establishing her professional base as a sculptor in North London.[1][2]

Exhibitions and professional affiliations

Blake began exhibiting her work in 1962 and showed with the Society of Portrait Sculptors from that year onward. She participated in exhibitions at venues including Woodstock Gallery (1972), Curwen Gallery (solo exhibition in 2014), Magdalene Street Gallery (1976), Embankment Gallery (1980), and New Academy (2002). She exhibited multiple times at Ben Uri Gallery, including in their Annual Summer Exhibition (1964), Annual Open Exhibition (1966), Characters from the Bible (1988), and Czech Artists from the Collection (1998). She served on Ben Uri's Art Committee Council from 1975 to 1993. Blake was a Fellow of the Royal British Society of Sculptors.[1][2]

Commissions and public works

Blake received numerous public commissions for her bronze figurative and abstract sculptures, many exploring themes of suffering, hope, refuge, and interfaith reconciliation. Notable sited works include installations at Bristol Cathedral (1980), St Botolph’s Church Aldgate (1985), Walsingham Parish Church (1988), Great Ormond Street Hospital (1990), North London Collegiate School (1972), Bournemouth Synagogue (1975), Fitzroy Square (London), St Ethelberga’s Church (London), and The Holocaust Centre (Nottinghamshire). Her works are held in collections including Amnesty International, Ben Uri Gallery & Museum, St Antony’s College (University of Oxford), and private collections such as those of the Queen and the Prince of Wales.[1][2][3] No known contributions to film or television. After World War II, Blake briefly returned to her hometown before traveling to Palestine and settling in London in 1952. In 1949, she married Zvi, an aspiring opera singer, but the marriage ended in divorce.[5] In 1952, she married her second husband, Asher Blake, a German Jewish refugee. They settled in Muswell Hill, north London, and had two children, Jonathan and Anita.[6] Blake lived in north London for the remainder of her life and died on 7 November 2018.[2]

Death and legacy

Naomi Blake died on 7 November 2018 in London, England, at the age of 94.[2][7] Her legacy endures through her figurative and abstract bronze sculptures, which explore themes of suffering, hope, refuge, and interfaith reconciliation, shaped by her Holocaust survival. Her works are permanently installed in public spaces, cathedrals, synagogues, and hospitals across the United Kingdom, including Bristol Cathedral, Norwich Cathedral, St Botolph’s Church Aldgate, Great Ormond Street Hospital, and various synagogues. They are also held by institutions such as Amnesty International and in private collections including those of the British royal family.[2] In 2021, the Royal British Society of Sculptors (of which she was a Fellow) mounted an exhibition of her work as part of their ‘Pioneering Women’ project. Her daughter, Anita Peleg, authored two books on her life and art: Naomi Blake: Dedication in Sculpture (a catalogue raisonné) and Glimmer of Hope: The Story of Naomi Blake.[2]
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