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National Strategy for Inner Areas
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National Strategy for Inner Areas
The National Strategy for Inner Areas (SNAI; Italian: Strategia nazionale per le aree interne) is an Italian policy developed in 2013 and promoted by the Agency for Territorial Cohesion (Dipartimento per la coesione territoriale) and then by the Minister for Territorial Cohesion Fabrizio Barca that aims at enhancing the territorial reactivation of remote municipalities. The document proposes a classification of municipalities according to the spatial inequalities, the different level of accessibility to basic public services. The document then suggests a series of actions and active policies to counteract, or at least mitigate, the demographic decline and the territorial marginalization process. Most of the inner areas are concentrated in the Alpine and Apennine areas and present a significant depopulation and a lack of basic services for residents (health, education, mobility). At the same time, these areas have a high availability of important environmental resources (water resources, agricultural systems, forests, natural and human landscapes) and cultural resources (archaeological heritage, historical settlements, abbeys, small museums, craft centers).
Since World War II, inner areas commonly feature a gradually marginalization and fragilization process of their local capitals mainly due to the migration towards the economic centers of the country. This process has in fact caused the progressive loss of human and know-how capitals which compromised the territorial and relations systems, and the local economic, cultural and social development.
SNAI defines inner areas according to the accessibility level to basic public services and infrastructures (i.e. public health facilities, secondary education and the proximity to public transport and roads). From these parameters, the document then proposes a classification for all the Italian municipalities.
SNAI classifies municipalities according to the presence of essential public services and infrastructure. These territories, defined as service provider centers, must be place of:
From this category, municipalities are further classified in intermunicipal poles and poles if province capitals thanks to the presence of provincial management services.
Other municipalities are then classified according to the travel time residents must make to reach the nearest service provider center:
The document finally defines as inner areas all the municipalities which travel time is above 20 minutes: intermediate, peripheral and ultra-peripheral areas. According to this classification inner areas cover 60% of the national territory, 52% of all municipalities, and 22% of the Italian population.
To invert, or at least to mitigate the marginalization and depopulation processes, SNAI suggests two set of actions. The first aims at the adjustment and strengthening of the essential public services, the development preconditions which allows the socio-economic development of territories. The second set suggests instead the promotion of local development projects that can induce the reactivation and regeneration of the latent territorial capitals.
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National Strategy for Inner Areas
The National Strategy for Inner Areas (SNAI; Italian: Strategia nazionale per le aree interne) is an Italian policy developed in 2013 and promoted by the Agency for Territorial Cohesion (Dipartimento per la coesione territoriale) and then by the Minister for Territorial Cohesion Fabrizio Barca that aims at enhancing the territorial reactivation of remote municipalities. The document proposes a classification of municipalities according to the spatial inequalities, the different level of accessibility to basic public services. The document then suggests a series of actions and active policies to counteract, or at least mitigate, the demographic decline and the territorial marginalization process. Most of the inner areas are concentrated in the Alpine and Apennine areas and present a significant depopulation and a lack of basic services for residents (health, education, mobility). At the same time, these areas have a high availability of important environmental resources (water resources, agricultural systems, forests, natural and human landscapes) and cultural resources (archaeological heritage, historical settlements, abbeys, small museums, craft centers).
Since World War II, inner areas commonly feature a gradually marginalization and fragilization process of their local capitals mainly due to the migration towards the economic centers of the country. This process has in fact caused the progressive loss of human and know-how capitals which compromised the territorial and relations systems, and the local economic, cultural and social development.
SNAI defines inner areas according to the accessibility level to basic public services and infrastructures (i.e. public health facilities, secondary education and the proximity to public transport and roads). From these parameters, the document then proposes a classification for all the Italian municipalities.
SNAI classifies municipalities according to the presence of essential public services and infrastructure. These territories, defined as service provider centers, must be place of:
From this category, municipalities are further classified in intermunicipal poles and poles if province capitals thanks to the presence of provincial management services.
Other municipalities are then classified according to the travel time residents must make to reach the nearest service provider center:
The document finally defines as inner areas all the municipalities which travel time is above 20 minutes: intermediate, peripheral and ultra-peripheral areas. According to this classification inner areas cover 60% of the national territory, 52% of all municipalities, and 22% of the Italian population.
To invert, or at least to mitigate the marginalization and depopulation processes, SNAI suggests two set of actions. The first aims at the adjustment and strengthening of the essential public services, the development preconditions which allows the socio-economic development of territories. The second set suggests instead the promotion of local development projects that can induce the reactivation and regeneration of the latent territorial capitals.
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