Network Rail Control Periods are the 5-year timespans into which Network Rail, the owner and operator of most of the rail infrastructure in Great Britain, works for financial and other planning purposes. Each Control Period begins on 1 April and ends on 31 March to coincide with the financial year. These periods were inherited from Railtrack, so that the earlier ones are retrospective.

As Network Rail is responsible for developing and maintaining railway infrastructure, the Control Periods are used to decide priorities for investment.

The first two control periods began while rail infrastructure in Britain was owned and operated by Railtrack, with Control Period 1 (CP1) spanning 1995–1999, while Control Period 2 (CP2) spanned 1999–2004, crossing the transformation of Railtrack into Network Rail in 2002.

CP3 included the following work:

CP4 included the following work as part of the Enhancements Programme:

CP5 includes:

CP5 ran over budget and some projects were delayed. In July 2015, Sir Peter Hendy was appointed Chairman of Network Rail "and asked by the Secretary of State to conduct a thorough review of the enhancement programme in England & Wales to see what can be delivered in an affordable and timely way within the funding period to 2019". (Table 37 of the report lists the revised work programme for CP5). Additionally, Dame Colette Bowe investigated how future investment programmes could be implemented better.

In July 2017, the Department for Transport published the "high level output specification" for Control Period 6.