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Rengma Naga
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Rengma Naga
The Rengma Naga are a Naga ethnic group inhabiting the Northeast Indian states of Nagaland and Assam. According to the 2011 Census of India, the population of Rengmas in Nagaland stands at 62,951 and the population of Rengmas in Assam is around 22,000. Tseminyü District is the headquarters of the Rengmas in Nagaland and the headquarters of the Rengmas in Assam is located at Phentsero/Karenga Village.
According to the local traditions, the Rengmas and the Lothas (or Lhotas) were once part of a single ethnic group. There are also oral records of a mighty struggle between the combined Rengma villages and the Lotha village of Phiro. There are records of the Rengmas' conflict with the Angami Nagas.
Slavery used to be a practice among the Rengmas, and the slaves were known by the names menugetenyu and itsakesa. By the time the British arrived in the Naga region, slavery was a declining practice, and no Rengma appears to have been a slave during this time.
In Assam, the Rengma people are found in the Karbi-Anglong, the then Mikir Hills. The Rengmas migrated to the then Mikir Hills in the early part of the 1800s. The migration of the Rengmas can be traced in the books written by JP Mills, ICS on the following:
In the book 'Travels in Assam' written by John Butler, specifically mentioned on page number 126 that beyond the Kuleanee river, the Rengmah (sic) boundary commences and terminates with the Dhunseeree (sic) river, separating Now-Gong from the Seebsaghur (sic) district.
John Butler writes in 'Traves in Assam' on page number 121 that in 1839, Mr. Grange, Sub-Assistant Commissioner, seems to have been the first European officer who met the Rengma Naga in the vicinity of Mohung Dehooa, on his way to the Angami Hills. Butler opines that no revenue settlement was ever made or written agreement taken from them to pay the revenue, till February 1847. Mr. Sub-Assistant was deputed in December 1847 to enter the Rengma hills from Golaghat; but after visiting many villages, he found the country so heavy and impassable from the dense wet jungles and was forced to return to the plains at Kageerunga (sic). He again met the Rengma Naga and the first revenue settlement with the Rengma Naga villages, discovered thirty-two in number and was successfully paid.
"The Rengma Nagas" written by JP Mills, MA, Indian Civil Service, Honorary Director of Ethnography Assam in 1936 in Introductory part in page 2 states, "About a hundred years ago or more a body of the western Rengmas migrated north-west to the Mikir Hills, where they are still living." (ISBN 978-0404158705)
The book "The Lhota Nagas" written by JP Mills, ICS in 1922 in page xiv of the Introduction states, "Indeed it is now no longer quite clear whether this chief was a Lhota our a Rengma, and whether he protected against the pursuing Angamis the rearguard of the Lhotas crossing the Dayang northwards, or that of the Rengmas migrating westwards to the Mikir Hills....."
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Rengma Naga
The Rengma Naga are a Naga ethnic group inhabiting the Northeast Indian states of Nagaland and Assam. According to the 2011 Census of India, the population of Rengmas in Nagaland stands at 62,951 and the population of Rengmas in Assam is around 22,000. Tseminyü District is the headquarters of the Rengmas in Nagaland and the headquarters of the Rengmas in Assam is located at Phentsero/Karenga Village.
According to the local traditions, the Rengmas and the Lothas (or Lhotas) were once part of a single ethnic group. There are also oral records of a mighty struggle between the combined Rengma villages and the Lotha village of Phiro. There are records of the Rengmas' conflict with the Angami Nagas.
Slavery used to be a practice among the Rengmas, and the slaves were known by the names menugetenyu and itsakesa. By the time the British arrived in the Naga region, slavery was a declining practice, and no Rengma appears to have been a slave during this time.
In Assam, the Rengma people are found in the Karbi-Anglong, the then Mikir Hills. The Rengmas migrated to the then Mikir Hills in the early part of the 1800s. The migration of the Rengmas can be traced in the books written by JP Mills, ICS on the following:
In the book 'Travels in Assam' written by John Butler, specifically mentioned on page number 126 that beyond the Kuleanee river, the Rengmah (sic) boundary commences and terminates with the Dhunseeree (sic) river, separating Now-Gong from the Seebsaghur (sic) district.
John Butler writes in 'Traves in Assam' on page number 121 that in 1839, Mr. Grange, Sub-Assistant Commissioner, seems to have been the first European officer who met the Rengma Naga in the vicinity of Mohung Dehooa, on his way to the Angami Hills. Butler opines that no revenue settlement was ever made or written agreement taken from them to pay the revenue, till February 1847. Mr. Sub-Assistant was deputed in December 1847 to enter the Rengma hills from Golaghat; but after visiting many villages, he found the country so heavy and impassable from the dense wet jungles and was forced to return to the plains at Kageerunga (sic). He again met the Rengma Naga and the first revenue settlement with the Rengma Naga villages, discovered thirty-two in number and was successfully paid.
"The Rengma Nagas" written by JP Mills, MA, Indian Civil Service, Honorary Director of Ethnography Assam in 1936 in Introductory part in page 2 states, "About a hundred years ago or more a body of the western Rengmas migrated north-west to the Mikir Hills, where they are still living." (ISBN 978-0404158705)
The book "The Lhota Nagas" written by JP Mills, ICS in 1922 in page xiv of the Introduction states, "Indeed it is now no longer quite clear whether this chief was a Lhota our a Rengma, and whether he protected against the pursuing Angamis the rearguard of the Lhotas crossing the Dayang northwards, or that of the Rengmas migrating westwards to the Mikir Hills....."
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