Order of Nine Angles
Order of Nine Angles
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Order of Nine Angles

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Order of Nine Angles

The Order of Nine Angles (ONA or O9A) is a Satanic left-hand path network that originated in the United Kingdom, but has since branched out into other countries. Claiming to have been established in the 1960s, it rose to public recognition in the early 1980s, attracting attention for its neo-Nazi ideology and activism. Describing its approach as "Traditional Satanism", it also exhibits Hermetic and modern pagan elements in its beliefs.

According to the Order's own claims, it was established in the Welsh Marches of Western England during the late 1960s by a woman previously involved in a secretive pre-Christian tradition. This account adds that in 1973, a man named "Anton Long" was initiated into the group, subsequently becoming its grand master. Several academics who have studied the ONA believe that "Anton Long" is probably the pseudonym of the British neo-Nazi activist David Myatt; he denies this. From the late 1970s onward, Long wrote books and articles which propagated the Order's ideas; in 1988, the organization launched its own journal, Fenrir. Through these ventures, it established links with other neo-Nazi Satanist groups around the world, among them the Tempel ov Blood in the United States and the Black Order in New Zealand. During the 2000s, the ONA furthered its cause through embracing the Internet. By the 2010s it was attracting further attention for its influence over neo-Nazi militant groups such as Atomwaffen Division and National Action as well as broader extremist networks like 764.

The ONA promotes the idea that human history can be divided into a series of aeons, each of which contains a corresponding human civilization. Adherents believe that the current aeonic civilization is that of the Western world, but that the evolution of this society is threatened by the "Magian/Nazarene" influence of the Judeo-Christian religion, which the Order seeks to combat in order to establish a militaristic new social order, which it calls the "Imperium". According to Order teachings, this is necessary in order for a galactic civilization to form, in which "Aryan" society will colonise the Milky Way. It advocates a spiritual path in which practitioners are required to break societal taboos by isolating themselves from society, committing crimes, embracing political extremism and violence, and carrying out acts of human sacrifice. ONA members practice magic, believing that they are able to do it by channeling energies into their own "causal" realm from an "acausal" realm where the laws of physics do not apply, and these magical actions are designed to help them achieve their ultimate goal of establishing the Imperium.

The ONA eschews any central authority or structure; instead, it operates as a broad network of associates – termed the "kollective" – who are inspired by the texts which were originally authored by Long and other members of the "inner ONA". The group is composed largely of clandestine cells, which are called "nexions". Some academic estimates suggest that the number of individuals who are broadly associated with the Order falls in the low thousands. Various rapes, killings, and acts of terrorism have been perpetrated by far-right individuals influenced by the ONA, with various British politicians and activists calling for the ONA to be proscribed as a terrorist group. ONA has subsequently been banned as a terrorist group in New Zealand.

The ONA has been characterised as a new religious movement. The group presents its teachings as "Traditional Satanism", and various scholars of religion have described it as Satanic. The scholar Jesper Aagaard Petersen called the ONA's teachings a "new interpretation of Satanism and the left-hand path". Other scholars have offered similar descriptions; Per Faxneld described the ONA as "a dangerous and extreme form of Satanism", while Fredrik Gregorius called it "one of the most controversial and infamous Satanic groups of the twentieth century". Religious studies scholar Graham Harvey thought that the ONA fit the stereotype of the Satanist "better than other groups", like the Church of Satan, in large part due to its embrace of "deeply shocking" and illegal acts. Conversely, the scholar of religion George Sieg argued that the ONA should be categorised as "post-Satanic" because it has "surpassed (without fully abandoning) identification with its original satanic paradigm".

Other scholars have portrayed it principally as an overlap between Satanism and Nazism; the historian Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke called it a "Satanic Nazi cult", while the specialists in far-right politics Jeffrey Kaplan and Leonard Weinberg characterised it as a "National Socialist-oriented Satanist group". Further academic descriptions have highlighted other links; the religious studies scholar Connell R. Monette called it a "blend" of Satanism with Hermeticism and "some pagan elements", while the historian of religion Ethan Doyle White characterised it as a group existing at the intersection of the Satanic and modern pagan milieus. Considering the manner in which the ONA had syncretized both Satanism and Heathenry, the historian of religion Mattias Gardell described its spiritual perspective as "a heathen satanic path". With the recent (post-2020) appearance of ONA in American and European news media, historical scholarship has examined the relationship between ONA's unique esoteric tradition and violent political accelerationism to characterize the movement as neo-fascist.

Alternative definitions have been provided by counter-terrorism organisations. The Global Network on Extremism and Technology for instance labels the ONA a "decentralised esoteric militant accelerationist network of threat actors". The ONA has been described as "occult-based neo-Nazi and racially motivated violent extremist group" by the United States government.

Academics have found it difficult to ascertain "exact and verifiable information" about the ONA's origins given the high level of secrecy it maintains. As with many other occult organisations, the Order shrouds its history in "mystery and legend", creating a "mythical narrative" for its origins and development. In its writings, the ONA has claimed that accounts of its history are "just stories and tales[...] to be accepted, or rejected, on that basis" and that it does not maintain that they are "accurate and/or describe historical events".

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