Oudenodon is an extinct genus of dicynodont. It was common throughout southern Africa during the Late Permian. Several species of Oudenodon are known. Both O. bainii, the type species, and O. grandis are known from South Africa (Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone and Endothiodon Assemblage Zone). Specimens of O. luangwensis have been found from Zambia. One species, O. sakamenensis from the Lower Sakamena Formation is the only Permian therapsid yet described from Madagascar. It is the type genus of the family Oudenodontidae, which includes members such as Tropidostoma.

Oudenodon is concluded on the basis of its δ¹⁸O_p values to have been an ectothermic animal.