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Palestinian Liberation Front
The Palestinian Liberation Front (Arabic: جبهة التحرير الفلسطينية, PLF), sometimes referred to in English as the Palestine Liberation Front - Abu Abbas Faction or Palestine Liberation Front, is a minor left-wing Palestinian political faction. It carried out the Achille Lauro hijacking in 1985, among other attacks that killed civilians, and is proscribed in several countries as a terrorist organisation.
In 1996, the party took part in the 1996 Palestinian general election, winning 0.11% of the vote. The party also ran in the 2006 Palestinian legislative election under the name ‘Martyr Abu Abbas’, and received 0.30% of the vote.
Leaders of the PLF throughout its history have included Ahmed Jibril, Muhammad Zaidan (Abu Abbas), Talaat Yaqoub, and the current leader, Wasel Abu Yousef.
It is not to be confused with the Palestine Liberation Front, a separate organisation with a similar name, founded by Shafiq al-Hout, Ibrahim Abu Lughod, Khaled al-Yashruti, Samira Azzam and others in Beirut in 1961 or 1963.
The PLF was founded by Ahmad Jibril in 1959 and enjoyed strong support from Syria. In 1967, the PLF joined forces with two other groups, the ‘Heroes of the Return’, linked to the Arab nationalist movement (abtal al-awda) and the group ‘’‘The Youth of the Years’‘’ to form the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) in November 1967. In this context, the PLF was described as a ‘’Syrian puppet‘’. The PFLP was said to have emerged from an Egyptian-sponsored programme designed to weaken other Arab governments and thereby strengthen the reputation of Egyptian President Nasser.
The PFLP was led by former Arab-nationalist movement leader George Habash, but in April 1968 Ahmad Jibril split from this group to form the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command (PFLP-GC), which returned to the strongly pro-Syrian position of the earlier PLF.
Ultimately, this led to the re-emergence of the PLF after the organisation had broken up when Jibril's PFLP-GC followed Syria into the fight against the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) during the Lebanese Civil War. Open fighting broke out between the rival factions, and relations only stabilised after mediation by Yasser Arafat. On 24 April 1977, the new PLF was formed under the leadership of Muhammad Zaidan, aka Abu Abbas, and Tal'at Ya'akub. Sporadic fighting between the PFLP-GC and the PLF continued, and a bomb attack on the PLF headquarters in August 1977 killed more than 175 people, including 37 PLF members. A meeting of the PLF executive committee had adjourned unexpectedly an hour earlier.
In November 1977, the Greek Catholic Archbishop of Jerusalem, Hilarion Capucci, was released from Israeli custody after three years. He was imprisoned for three years for arms smuggling for the Fatah. He also made propaganda for the PLF. The Vatican worked for his pardon.
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Palestinian Liberation Front
The Palestinian Liberation Front (Arabic: جبهة التحرير الفلسطينية, PLF), sometimes referred to in English as the Palestine Liberation Front - Abu Abbas Faction or Palestine Liberation Front, is a minor left-wing Palestinian political faction. It carried out the Achille Lauro hijacking in 1985, among other attacks that killed civilians, and is proscribed in several countries as a terrorist organisation.
In 1996, the party took part in the 1996 Palestinian general election, winning 0.11% of the vote. The party also ran in the 2006 Palestinian legislative election under the name ‘Martyr Abu Abbas’, and received 0.30% of the vote.
Leaders of the PLF throughout its history have included Ahmed Jibril, Muhammad Zaidan (Abu Abbas), Talaat Yaqoub, and the current leader, Wasel Abu Yousef.
It is not to be confused with the Palestine Liberation Front, a separate organisation with a similar name, founded by Shafiq al-Hout, Ibrahim Abu Lughod, Khaled al-Yashruti, Samira Azzam and others in Beirut in 1961 or 1963.
The PLF was founded by Ahmad Jibril in 1959 and enjoyed strong support from Syria. In 1967, the PLF joined forces with two other groups, the ‘Heroes of the Return’, linked to the Arab nationalist movement (abtal al-awda) and the group ‘’‘The Youth of the Years’‘’ to form the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) in November 1967. In this context, the PLF was described as a ‘’Syrian puppet‘’. The PFLP was said to have emerged from an Egyptian-sponsored programme designed to weaken other Arab governments and thereby strengthen the reputation of Egyptian President Nasser.
The PFLP was led by former Arab-nationalist movement leader George Habash, but in April 1968 Ahmad Jibril split from this group to form the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command (PFLP-GC), which returned to the strongly pro-Syrian position of the earlier PLF.
Ultimately, this led to the re-emergence of the PLF after the organisation had broken up when Jibril's PFLP-GC followed Syria into the fight against the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) during the Lebanese Civil War. Open fighting broke out between the rival factions, and relations only stabilised after mediation by Yasser Arafat. On 24 April 1977, the new PLF was formed under the leadership of Muhammad Zaidan, aka Abu Abbas, and Tal'at Ya'akub. Sporadic fighting between the PFLP-GC and the PLF continued, and a bomb attack on the PLF headquarters in August 1977 killed more than 175 people, including 37 PLF members. A meeting of the PLF executive committee had adjourned unexpectedly an hour earlier.
In November 1977, the Greek Catholic Archbishop of Jerusalem, Hilarion Capucci, was released from Israeli custody after three years. He was imprisoned for three years for arms smuggling for the Fatah. He also made propaganda for the PLF. The Vatican worked for his pardon.