Payzawat County, (also romanized as Payziwat County, from Uyghur: پەيزاۋات ناھىيىسى; Chinese: 排孜阿瓦提县), also known as Jiashi County (Chinese: 伽师县), is a county in Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China, on the western rim of the Taklamakan Desert. To the east, the county borders Maralbexi County, to the south Yopurga County.

The name "Jiashi" was first used in Chinese documents of Tang Dynasty and was adopted when Emperor Guangxu established the county in 1902. Allegedly the word is a transliteration of a celestial Turkic word for jade and has the same origin to "Kashi", Mandarin transliteration for "Kashgar". The Uyghur name "Payziwat" means "God's blessing of fortune" and was sometimes used in documents in Qing Dynasty.^{[citation needed]} Payzawat means 'beautiful land of plenty'.

The name of the region is also transliterated as Faizabad.

Peyziwat County was established in July 1902.

In 1981, there was a brief pro-independence rebellion, the Jiashi uprising (1981年伽师县"5·27"暴乱), in the county staged by Uyghur activists after riots in Kashgar.

The 1997 Jiashi earthquakes, continuing to 2003, were a series of deadly earthquakes in the county. Rebiya Kadeer wrote that her career was significantly affected by the earthquakes, which were "one of the worst natural disasters that had occurred in the Uyghur nation in recent memory." One hundred villages and one thousand homes were leveled. Kadeer organized donations and aid for the area. In February 2002, a 6.7 magnitude earthquake killed 267 people in Maralbexi County and Payzawat County.

On 27 August 2008, two ethnic Uyghur police officers were killed.

On 20 October 2014, Shaptul (Xiaputule) was changed from a township to a town.