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Perfluorinated compound
A perfluorinated compound (PFC) or perfluoro compound is an organofluorine compound that lacks C-H bonds. Many perfluorinated compounds have properties that are quite different from their C-H containing analogues. Common functional groups in PFCs are OH, CO2H, chlorine, O, and SO3H. Electrofluorination is the predominant method for PFC production. Due to their chemical stability, some of these perfluorinated compounds bioaccumulate.
One class of perfluorinated compounds, the fluorosurfactants, are widely used in the production of teflon (PTFE) and related fluorinated polymers. They also have been used to confer hydrophobicity and stain-resistance to fabrics. They are components of fire-fighting foam. Fluorosurfactants (PFAS) reduce surface tension by concentrating at the liquid-air interface due to the lipophobicity of polyfluorocarbons.
Chlorofluorocarbons are also perfluorinated compounds, many of which were formerly used as refrigerants (Freon) until they were implicated in ozone degradation.
A common industrial method for synthesizing perflurocompounds is electrofluorination.
Some perfluoroheteroarenes are produced via saturative addition and then defluorinative rearomatization.
Primary and secondary perfluorinated alcohols are unstable with respect to dehydrofluorination.
Several environmental and health concerns surround the industrial production and use of perfluoroalkane compounds. The exceptional stability of perfluorinated compounds, while desirable from the applications perspective, is also a cause for environmental and health concerns.
Low-boiling perfluoroalkanes are potent greenhouse gases, in part due to their very long atmospheric lifetime. The environmental concerns for perflurocompounds are similar to chlorofluorocarbons and other halogenated compounds used as refrigerants and fire suppression materials. The history of use, environmental impact, and recommendations for use are included in the Kyoto Protocol.
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Perfluorinated compound
A perfluorinated compound (PFC) or perfluoro compound is an organofluorine compound that lacks C-H bonds. Many perfluorinated compounds have properties that are quite different from their C-H containing analogues. Common functional groups in PFCs are OH, CO2H, chlorine, O, and SO3H. Electrofluorination is the predominant method for PFC production. Due to their chemical stability, some of these perfluorinated compounds bioaccumulate.
One class of perfluorinated compounds, the fluorosurfactants, are widely used in the production of teflon (PTFE) and related fluorinated polymers. They also have been used to confer hydrophobicity and stain-resistance to fabrics. They are components of fire-fighting foam. Fluorosurfactants (PFAS) reduce surface tension by concentrating at the liquid-air interface due to the lipophobicity of polyfluorocarbons.
Chlorofluorocarbons are also perfluorinated compounds, many of which were formerly used as refrigerants (Freon) until they were implicated in ozone degradation.
A common industrial method for synthesizing perflurocompounds is electrofluorination.
Some perfluoroheteroarenes are produced via saturative addition and then defluorinative rearomatization.
Primary and secondary perfluorinated alcohols are unstable with respect to dehydrofluorination.
Several environmental and health concerns surround the industrial production and use of perfluoroalkane compounds. The exceptional stability of perfluorinated compounds, while desirable from the applications perspective, is also a cause for environmental and health concerns.
Low-boiling perfluoroalkanes are potent greenhouse gases, in part due to their very long atmospheric lifetime. The environmental concerns for perflurocompounds are similar to chlorofluorocarbons and other halogenated compounds used as refrigerants and fire suppression materials. The history of use, environmental impact, and recommendations for use are included in the Kyoto Protocol.