Philtranco Service Enterprises, Inc. (/fɪltrɑːnkoʊ/, Tagalog: [pilˈtɾaŋkɔ]; Philippine Transportation Company) is a bus company in the Philippines, servicing routes to Bicol, Eastern Visayas, Caraga, Davao Region, and Northern Mindanao. It is the oldest bus operator in the Philippines and in Asia. It is also the only bus carrier with a nationwide public transport franchise.

It is set to cease operations on March 30, 2026, amid mounting losses, but the management has clarified that it is just a temporary suspension of operations, which could pave the way to a possible reopening once the business climate has improved.

Philtranco traces its origins to July 1, 1914, when American soldier Albert Louise Ammen, together with Max Blouse founded the A.L. Ammen Transport Company (ALATCO), a small transportation company in Iriga, Camarines Sur. The company began operations with an initial fleet of a single auto truck serving the Iriga-Naga route. In the succeeding years, ALATCO expanded its services across the provinces of Camarines Sur, Camarines Norte, Albay and Sorsogon, becoming a major transport operator in the Bicol region.

The outbreak of World War II in 1942 temporarily halted the company's expansion. Operations resumed in 1945, with the company using surplus United States Navy trucks acquired through the United States Commercial Company. However, during the post-war period, the company faced intense competition and operational difficulties. In 1949, ownership of ALATCO was transferred to the heirs of Don Nicasio Tuazon in Manila, who infused new capital into the company and initiated a rehabilitation and expansion program that included the conversion of gasoline-powered engines to diesel engines.

By 1952, ALATCO operated a fleet of approximately 400 units, with its main facilities being based in Irigas and subsidiary shops located across the provinces of Daet and Labo in Camarines Norte; Naga, Camarines Sur; Ligao, Tabaco, and Legaspi in Albay, and Sorsogon and Irosin in Sorsogon. The following year, the company expanded into Quezon province by consolidating several local bus operators under the Eastern Tayabas Bus Company (ETBCO), which later entered into a 5-year lease agreement with the Laguna Tayabas Bus Company.

In 1971, ALATCO and ETBCO were sold to the Mantrade Group of the Lopa and Cojuangco families. The two companies' operations were then merged and reorganized as Pantranco South Express, Inc. (PSEI), distinct from Pantranco North Express, Inc. Due to rising fuel costs and global economic conditions in the early 1970s, PSEI was strapped in debt and was subject to a creditor takeover in 1973. This led to a corporate rehabilitation being implemented the following year, during which the company expanded inter-island operations through partnerships with passenger ferry operators serving Catanduanes, Samar, and Masbate.

PSEI introduced air-conditioned coaches on its southern routes in 1978 and expanded its freight services in 1980, relocating its central offices and terminal to its present site in Pasay. In 1981, the company extended its network into Eastern Visayas and entered sea transport operations, operating ferry services between Matnog, Sorsogon and Allen, Northern Samar. Further service upgrades followed in 1982 with the introduction of its higher-end Royal Class and new air-conditioned coaches with onboard toilets and videocassette recorder entertainment systems. PSEI also became the first bus company in the Philippines to computerize its operations.

In 1984, PSEI became part of a joint venture that formed the St. Bernard Services Corporation, which operated ferry services across the San Bernardino Strait. In the same year, the company was renamed Philtranco Service Enterprises, Inc. In 1986, Philtranco launched its first integrated Luzon–Visayas–Mindanao bus-and-ferry service, connecting Luzon with Visayas and Mindanao through intermodal transport routes.