Phyllosticta

Phyllosticta
	Phyllosticta cruenta on Polygonatum odoratum found in Ryczów, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Dothideomycetes
Order:	Botryosphaeriales
Family:	Botryosphaeriaceae
Genus:	Phyllosticta; Pers.
Species
	See text

Phyllosticta is a genus of fungi. Many of the species in this genus are common and important plant pathogens. They typically infect the foliage and cause tannish-gray leaf spots with dark brown to purple borders. However, Phyllosticta may also infect fruit and stems. Yield loss is a common consequence of Phyllosticta infection.^[2] Representatives of the genus are found worldwide and on a wide range of plant hosts.^[3]

History

Phyllosticta was introduced by German mycologist Persoon in 1818 and species Phyllosticta convallariae Pers. was designated as the type species (Donk 1968).^[4] Since Phyllosticta is distinct from other genera in that family, Seaver (1922) treated it in the family Phyllostictaceae Fr. of the order Phyllostictites.^[5] Nevertheless, Phyllosticta was accommodated in the family Botryosphaeriaceae Theiss. & Syd. (in order Botryosphaeriales C.L. Schoch et al.) in several major studies (e.g. Crous et al. 2006;^[6] Schoch et al. 2006;^[7] Liu et al. 2012).^[8] However, the phylogenetic analyses by Wikee et al. (2013a) allocated Phyllosticta in a clade sister to Botryosphaeriaceae.^[9] As a result, the genus was accepted in the family Phyllostictaceae, in the order Botryosphaeriales.^[3]

A total of 3,213 names are documented for Phyllosticta in the Index Fungorum (accessed on 31 March 2022) (Hongsanan et al. 2020; Wijayawardene et al. 2020).^[10] However, many of these names have been synonymised (van der Aa and Vanev 2002).^[11] In 2022, 1499 species are accepted in the genus (Bánki et al. 2022).^[12]

Species

References

^ "Speciesfungorum Phyllosticta genus". Retrieved May 26, 2015.
^ "University of Georgia Plant Pathology Phyllosticta". Retrieved May 26, 2015.
^ ^a ^b Zhang, Zhaoxue; Liu, Xiaoyong; Zhang, Xiuguo; Meng, Zhe (2022). "Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal two new species and a new record of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales, Phyllostictaceae) from Hainan, China". MycoKeys (91): 1–23. doi:10.3897/mycokeys.91.84803. PMC 9849093. PMID 36760886.
^ Donk, M.A. (1968). "Report of the committee for fungi and lichen 1964–1968". Taxon. 17 (5): 578–581. doi:10.2307/1216075. JSTOR 1216075.
^ Seaver, F.J. "Phyllostictaceae". North American Flora. 6 (1922): 3–84.
^ Crous, P.W.; Slippers, B.; Wingfield, M.J.; Rheeder, J.; Marasas, W.F.O.; Philips, A.J.L.; Alves, A.; Burgess, T.; Barber, P.; Groenewald, J.Z. (2006). "Phylogenetic lineages in the Botryosphaeriaceae". Studies in Mycology. 55: 235–253. doi:10.3114/sim.55.1.235. PMC 2104729.
^ Schoch, C.L.; Shoemaker, R.A.; Seifert, K.A.; Hambleton, S.; Spatafora, J.W.; Crous, P.W. (2006). "A multigene phylogeny of the Dothideomycetes using four nuclear loci". Mycologia. 98 (6): 1041–1052. doi:10.1080/15572536.2006.11832632.
^ Liu, J.K.; Phookamsak, R.; Doilom, M.; Wikee, S.; Li, Y.M.; Ariyawansha, H.; Boonmee, S.; Chomnunti, P.; Dai, D.Q.; Bhat, J.D.; Romero, A.I.; Zhuang, W.Y.; Monkai, J.; Jones, E.B.G.; Chukeatirote, E.; Zhao, Y.C.; Wang, Y.; Hyde, Kevin D. (2012). "Toward a natural classification of Botryosphaeriales". Fungal Diversity. 57 (1): 149–210. doi:10.1007/s13225-012-0207-4. hdl:11336/79989.
^ Wikee, S.; Udayanga, D.; Crous, P.W.; Chukeatirote, E.; McKenzie, E.H.C.; Bahkali, A.H.; Dai, D.Q.; Hyde, Kevin D. (2011). "Phyllosticta – an overview of current status of species recognition". Fungal Diversity. 51 (1): 43–61. doi:10.1007/s13225-011-0146-5.
^ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8. hdl:10481/61998.
^ van der Aa, H.A.; Vanev, S. (2002). A revision of the species described in Phyllosticta. Utrecht, The Netherlands: Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS).
^ Bánki, O.; Roskov, Y.; Döring, M.; Ower, G.; Vandepitte, L.; Hobern, D.; Remsen, D.; Schalk, P.; DeWalt, R.E.; Keping, M.; Miller, J.; Orrell, T.; Aalbu, R.; Adlard, R.; Adriaenssens, E.M.; Aedo, C.; Aescht, E.; Akkari, N.; Alfenas-Zerbini, P. (2022). "Catalogue of Life Checklist (Version 2022-03-21)". Catalogue of Life. doi:10.48580/dfpd.

External links

[1] "Speciesfungorum Phyllosticta genus". Retrieved May 26, 2015.

[uvg-2] "University of Georgia Plant Pathology Phyllosticta". Retrieved May 26, 2015.

[Zhang2022-3] Zhang, Zhaoxue; Liu, Xiaoyong; Zhang, Xiuguo; Meng, Zhe (2022). "Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal two new species and a new record of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales, Phyllostictaceae) from Hainan, China". MycoKeys (91): 1–23. doi:10.3897/mycokeys.91.84803. PMC 9849093. PMID 36760886.

[4] Donk, M.A. (1968). "Report of the committee for fungi and lichen 1964–1968". Taxon. 17 (5): 578–581. doi:10.2307/1216075. JSTOR 1216075.

[5] Seaver, F.J. "Phyllostictaceae". North American Flora. 6 (1922): 3–84.

[6] Crous, P.W.; Slippers, B.; Wingfield, M.J.; Rheeder, J.; Marasas, W.F.O.; Philips, A.J.L.; Alves, A.; Burgess, T.; Barber, P.; Groenewald, J.Z. (2006). "Phylogenetic lineages in the Botryosphaeriaceae". Studies in Mycology. 55: 235–253. doi:10.3114/sim.55.1.235. PMC 2104729.

[Schoch2006-7] Schoch, C.L.; Shoemaker, R.A.; Seifert, K.A.; Hambleton, S.; Spatafora, J.W.; Crous, P.W. (2006). "A multigene phylogeny of the Dothideomycetes using four nuclear loci". Mycologia. 98 (6): 1041–1052. doi:10.1080/15572536.2006.11832632.

[8] Liu, J.K.; Phookamsak, R.; Doilom, M.; Wikee, S.; Li, Y.M.; Ariyawansha, H.; Boonmee, S.; Chomnunti, P.; Dai, D.Q.; Bhat, J.D.; Romero, A.I.; Zhuang, W.Y.; Monkai, J.; Jones, E.B.G.; Chukeatirote, E.; Zhao, Y.C.; Wang, Y.; Hyde, Kevin D. (2012). "Toward a natural classification of Botryosphaeriales". Fungal Diversity. 57 (1): 149–210. doi:10.1007/s13225-012-0207-4. hdl:11336/79989.

[9] Wikee, S.; Udayanga, D.; Crous, P.W.; Chukeatirote, E.; McKenzie, E.H.C.; Bahkali, A.H.; Dai, D.Q.; Hyde, Kevin D. (2011). "Phyllosticta – an overview of current status of species recognition". Fungal Diversity. 51 (1): 43–61. doi:10.1007/s13225-011-0146-5.

[Wijayawardene_et_al._2020-10] Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8. hdl:10481/61998.

[11] van der Aa, H.A.; Vanev, S. (2002). A revision of the species described in Phyllosticta. Utrecht, The Netherlands: Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS).

[12] Bánki, O.; Roskov, Y.; Döring, M.; Ower, G.; Vandepitte, L.; Hobern, D.; Remsen, D.; Schalk, P.; DeWalt, R.E.; Keping, M.; Miller, J.; Orrell, T.; Aalbu, R.; Adlard, R.; Adriaenssens, E.M.; Aedo, C.; Aescht, E.; Akkari, N.; Alfenas-Zerbini, P. (2022). "Catalogue of Life Checklist (Version 2022-03-21)". Catalogue of Life. doi:10.48580/dfpd.

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Phyllosticta

Phyllosticta cruenta on Polygonatum odoratum found in Ryczów, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Dothideomycetes
Order:	Botryosphaeriales
Family:	Botryosphaeriaceae
Genus:	Phyllosticta Pers.
Species^[1]
See text