Pierre Broué (8 May 1926 – 26 July 2005) was a French historian and Trotskyist revolutionary militant whose work covers the history of the Bolshevik Party, the Spanish Revolution and biographies of Leon Trotsky.

Broué was born in Privas, Ardèche in 1926.

His father was a civil servant and mother a school teacher: they had "strong republican views".

In 1936, Broué supported a French general strike as well as the Spanish Republic.

By 1940, with Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in a non-aggression pact, he helped organize a Communist Party cell at the Lycée Henri IV in Paris. The French Communist Party expelled the organizers and said that Broué suffered from Trotskyism. The accusation piqued his interest, and he began reading about Trotsky from the private library of the teacher Élie Reynier.

With the party, he fought in the French Resistance against the German occupiers during the Second World War.

When Joseph Stalin disbanded the Comintern in 1943, Broué became strongly critical of Stalinism and resigned from the party as a result. By 1944, he became a Trotskyist and joined the Fourth International, and he remained a Trotskyist for the rest of his life.

In 1952, he followed Pierre Lambert during a split in the movement and continued as a "Lambertist" for many years.