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Podolsk
Podolsk (Russian: Подольск, IPA: [pɐˈdolʲsk]) is an industrial city, center of Podolsk Urban Okrug, Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Pakhra River (a tributary of the Moskva River). Its population is 314,934 (2021 census).
Podolsk is located on the Moskvoretsko-Oka plain, in the center of the East European Plain, on the banks of the Pakhra River (a right tributary of the Moskva River). The city is located south of the capital, 36 km from its center and 15 km from the MKAD, on the highway and the Kursk direction of the Moscow Railway. It covers an area of 4,039 hectares. Most of Podolsk is located on the right bank of the Pakhra River and west of the railway line.
In the north it borders with the city of Moscow, namely with the settlements of Voskresenskoye and Ryazanovskoye of the Novomoskovsky administrative district.The geological structure of the territory on which Podolsk is located is similar to that of the East European Plain: it is flat, but at the same time not flat, with a height difference. The city is located on the territory of the Moskvoretsko-Oka physico-geographical province of the mixed forest subzone, with a predominance of landscapes of moraine and glacial plains. The soils are alluvial, grey and woody. On the territory of the city there are deposits of dolomitized limestone, which received the name "Podolsk marble" for its fine-grained texture and beautiful white color. However, its development is currently not underway.
The climate is temperate continental with relatively cold winters (early November — late March) and warm, humid summers (mid—May - early September). The frequent passage of cyclones from the Atlantic and sometimes from the Mediterranean causes an increase in clouds. The average temperatures are: January — about -9.4 °C, July — +18.4 °C. The average frost-free period is about 130 days. The average annual precipitation is 668 mm, with fluctuations in some years from 390 to 850 mm. Maximum precipitation (390 mm) falls in summer, minimum (160 mm) in winter.
The city of Podolsk, like the entire Moscow Region, is located in the time zone designated by the international standard as the Moscow Time Zone (MSK). The offset relative to UTC is +3:00. The meridian 37°30' EAST passes through the city, separating the 2nd and 3rd geographical time zones, therefore, in the west of the city, the applied time differs by one hour from the standard time. UTC+2, and in the east it coincides with the standard time. UTC+3
In general, Podolsk is characterized by a low level of atmospheric air pollution. According to the conducted analyses, the level of its pollution in the city, as a rule, ranges from high to low. At the same time, the indicators depend on the time of year and weather conditions. However, at the beginning of the 21st century, the situation is deteriorating: the main air pollutants are numerous industrial enterprises and road transport, the total number of which increases by 10-15 thousand cars annually. The maximum load on the air environment falls on the northeast and east of the city (that is, on the industrial zone), as well as on the Central District.
Podolsk has a significant number of park areas. In the Park district of Podolsk there is the V. Talalikhin City Park of Culture and Recreation, on the territory of which there are attractions (including a Ferris wheel), playgrounds, cafes, a Green Bandstand (the first rock festival in the USSR was held there in September 1987). In recent years, it has been renovated with landscaping. In addition, there are numerous squares and forest parks in the city: Catherine Square near school No. 3, Victory Square, Podolsk Cadets Square, Pushkin Square, Generations Square in the city center, the square along Komsomolskaya and Bolshaya Zelenovskaya streets, Dubki, Yelochki, Berezki forest parks and others. The territory of Podolsk is bordered by extensive woodlands.
As a result of archaeological excavations on the territory of the city and the district conducted in 1994-1997, bone and silicon objects dating back to the 7th millennium BC, that is, to the Mesolithic era (VII—V millennia BC), were found. The first settlement, a site of primitive people, was found in Dubrovitsy, at the confluence of the Desna and Pakhra rivers. In turn, on the territory of the Podillya Museum-Reserve in the city there is the only multi-layered archaeological monument in the Moscow region with traces of human activity, starting from the Mesolithic era and including the Neolithic, Bronze Age, Early Iron Age, and Ancient Russian times..
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Podolsk
Podolsk (Russian: Подольск, IPA: [pɐˈdolʲsk]) is an industrial city, center of Podolsk Urban Okrug, Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Pakhra River (a tributary of the Moskva River). Its population is 314,934 (2021 census).
Podolsk is located on the Moskvoretsko-Oka plain, in the center of the East European Plain, on the banks of the Pakhra River (a right tributary of the Moskva River). The city is located south of the capital, 36 km from its center and 15 km from the MKAD, on the highway and the Kursk direction of the Moscow Railway. It covers an area of 4,039 hectares. Most of Podolsk is located on the right bank of the Pakhra River and west of the railway line.
In the north it borders with the city of Moscow, namely with the settlements of Voskresenskoye and Ryazanovskoye of the Novomoskovsky administrative district.The geological structure of the territory on which Podolsk is located is similar to that of the East European Plain: it is flat, but at the same time not flat, with a height difference. The city is located on the territory of the Moskvoretsko-Oka physico-geographical province of the mixed forest subzone, with a predominance of landscapes of moraine and glacial plains. The soils are alluvial, grey and woody. On the territory of the city there are deposits of dolomitized limestone, which received the name "Podolsk marble" for its fine-grained texture and beautiful white color. However, its development is currently not underway.
The climate is temperate continental with relatively cold winters (early November — late March) and warm, humid summers (mid—May - early September). The frequent passage of cyclones from the Atlantic and sometimes from the Mediterranean causes an increase in clouds. The average temperatures are: January — about -9.4 °C, July — +18.4 °C. The average frost-free period is about 130 days. The average annual precipitation is 668 mm, with fluctuations in some years from 390 to 850 mm. Maximum precipitation (390 mm) falls in summer, minimum (160 mm) in winter.
The city of Podolsk, like the entire Moscow Region, is located in the time zone designated by the international standard as the Moscow Time Zone (MSK). The offset relative to UTC is +3:00. The meridian 37°30' EAST passes through the city, separating the 2nd and 3rd geographical time zones, therefore, in the west of the city, the applied time differs by one hour from the standard time. UTC+2, and in the east it coincides with the standard time. UTC+3
In general, Podolsk is characterized by a low level of atmospheric air pollution. According to the conducted analyses, the level of its pollution in the city, as a rule, ranges from high to low. At the same time, the indicators depend on the time of year and weather conditions. However, at the beginning of the 21st century, the situation is deteriorating: the main air pollutants are numerous industrial enterprises and road transport, the total number of which increases by 10-15 thousand cars annually. The maximum load on the air environment falls on the northeast and east of the city (that is, on the industrial zone), as well as on the Central District.
Podolsk has a significant number of park areas. In the Park district of Podolsk there is the V. Talalikhin City Park of Culture and Recreation, on the territory of which there are attractions (including a Ferris wheel), playgrounds, cafes, a Green Bandstand (the first rock festival in the USSR was held there in September 1987). In recent years, it has been renovated with landscaping. In addition, there are numerous squares and forest parks in the city: Catherine Square near school No. 3, Victory Square, Podolsk Cadets Square, Pushkin Square, Generations Square in the city center, the square along Komsomolskaya and Bolshaya Zelenovskaya streets, Dubki, Yelochki, Berezki forest parks and others. The territory of Podolsk is bordered by extensive woodlands.
As a result of archaeological excavations on the territory of the city and the district conducted in 1994-1997, bone and silicon objects dating back to the 7th millennium BC, that is, to the Mesolithic era (VII—V millennia BC), were found. The first settlement, a site of primitive people, was found in Dubrovitsy, at the confluence of the Desna and Pakhra rivers. In turn, on the territory of the Podillya Museum-Reserve in the city there is the only multi-layered archaeological monument in the Moscow region with traces of human activity, starting from the Mesolithic era and including the Neolithic, Bronze Age, Early Iron Age, and Ancient Russian times..