Administratively, Cuba is divided into 15 provinces and one special municipality (the Isla de la Juventud). The current structure has been in place since August 2010, when the then-La Habana Province was divided into Artemisa Province and Mayabeque Province.

From west to east, Cuba's provinces are:

The provinces were created in 1879 by the Spanish colonial government. From 1879 to 1976, Cuba was divided into six provinces, which maintained with little changes the same boundaries and capital cities, although with modifications in official names. These "historical" provinces are the following (from west to east):

In December 1976, the original six provinces were reconstituted into 14 provinces plus one special municipality:

Isla de Pinos was renamed Isla de la Juventud on 3 August 1978.

In August 2010, the Cuban National Assembly split the then-La Habana Province into two new provinces: Artemisa (which incorporated three eastern municipalities of neighboring Pinar del Río) and Mayabeque. The new provinces started functioning from 1 January 2011. Havana City Province (Ciudad de La Habana Province) recovered its original name, La Habana Province.

Pop. = Population. Source: Cuba census 2002 

† Special municipality