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RMS Baltic
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RMS Baltic
RMS Baltic was an ocean liner of the White Star Line that sailed between 1904 and 1932. At 23,876 gross register tonnage, she was the world's largest ship until May 1906. She was the third of a quartet of ships, all measuring over 20,000 gross register tons, dubbed The Big Four, the other three being RMS Celtic, RMS Cedric, and RMS Adriatic.
During her civilian career, Baltic served between Liverpool and New York. She was involved in a few minor incidents during her career. She distinguished herself especially in 1909 when she came to the aid of the Republic and the Florida that had collided with each other. The Baltic's rescue of all passengers drew attention to the important role that the new wireless telegraphy technology could play in ensuring safety at sea. In April 1912, the Baltic also picked up distress signals from the Titanic, but was too far away to intervene during the latter's sinking.
During World War I, the Baltic carried troops from 1915 to 1918. She survived a torpedoing attempt and transported the first American troops to Europe, with General John J. Pershing on board. After the war, the ship continued its commercial service during the 1920s. Having become too old, she was finally retired in 1932 and scrapped the following year, after nearly thirty years of career.
In the late 1890s and shortly before his death, Thomas Henry Ismay, chairman of the White Star Line, initiated a policy shift away from the race for speed to focus on slower but larger ships, compensating for the loss of speed through great savings, increased comfort, and better passenger capacity. This initiative gave rise, in 1901, to the ordering of the series of liners dubbed the "Big Four": the Celtic, followed two years later by the Cedric. When the latter was launched, a third ship was just under construction at the Harland and Wolff shipyards in Belfast: the Baltic (the quartet to be completed in 1907 by the Adriatic). She was the second ship to bear this name (in reference to the Baltic Sea) in the company's fleet; the first having been one of its very first liners, in the 1870s.
The Baltic was originally supposed to be the same size as her two predecessors, but rather quickly, the company decided that this ship, built under hull number 352, was to be the largest ever built, requiring enlargement of the ship. This task was not easy as the hull was already built; the ship was nevertheless cut in two and the rear part set back nearly six metres to make room for an addition. This ultimately increased her tonnage by nearly 3,000 tons, giving more space to passengers.
The liner was launched on 21 November 1903. The Illustrated London News reported that the Baltic was christened by actress Julia Neilson. Completed the following spring, the liner reached Liverpool on 23 June 1904 to be delivered to its owner.
An enlarged version of the Celtic and the Cedric, the Baltic was, when she entered service, the largest liner in the world, with a gross tonnage of 23,876 and a net tonnage of 15,295, 222.2 metres (729 ft 0 in) in length overall by 23 m (75 ft 6 in) in width and 16 m (52 ft 6 in) in draft. Her hull was black and she had a white superstructure. Her funnels were ocher-brown topped with a black cuff, the colors of the White Star Line. She also had four masts, the first carrying the lookout's nest, the following serving as support for the cables of the wireless telegraphy. The ship had four continuous decks as well as an upper deck and several superstructures.
Propelled by two propellers powered by two four-cylinder triple expansion steam engines, the ship could sail at an average speed of 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph), and could reach a maximum speed of 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph). Her machinery initially developed a power of 14,000 horsepower (10,000 kW), which rose to 16,000 hp (12,000 kW) after an improvement was made to the machinery to allow the vessel to maintain the same speeds as her predecessors despite her larger size. Her coal consumption was also slightly higher than that of the Celtic and the Cedric, at 280 tons per day instead of 260. She was supplied with electricity and was provided with electric lights and refrigeration installations.
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RMS Baltic
RMS Baltic was an ocean liner of the White Star Line that sailed between 1904 and 1932. At 23,876 gross register tonnage, she was the world's largest ship until May 1906. She was the third of a quartet of ships, all measuring over 20,000 gross register tons, dubbed The Big Four, the other three being RMS Celtic, RMS Cedric, and RMS Adriatic.
During her civilian career, Baltic served between Liverpool and New York. She was involved in a few minor incidents during her career. She distinguished herself especially in 1909 when she came to the aid of the Republic and the Florida that had collided with each other. The Baltic's rescue of all passengers drew attention to the important role that the new wireless telegraphy technology could play in ensuring safety at sea. In April 1912, the Baltic also picked up distress signals from the Titanic, but was too far away to intervene during the latter's sinking.
During World War I, the Baltic carried troops from 1915 to 1918. She survived a torpedoing attempt and transported the first American troops to Europe, with General John J. Pershing on board. After the war, the ship continued its commercial service during the 1920s. Having become too old, she was finally retired in 1932 and scrapped the following year, after nearly thirty years of career.
In the late 1890s and shortly before his death, Thomas Henry Ismay, chairman of the White Star Line, initiated a policy shift away from the race for speed to focus on slower but larger ships, compensating for the loss of speed through great savings, increased comfort, and better passenger capacity. This initiative gave rise, in 1901, to the ordering of the series of liners dubbed the "Big Four": the Celtic, followed two years later by the Cedric. When the latter was launched, a third ship was just under construction at the Harland and Wolff shipyards in Belfast: the Baltic (the quartet to be completed in 1907 by the Adriatic). She was the second ship to bear this name (in reference to the Baltic Sea) in the company's fleet; the first having been one of its very first liners, in the 1870s.
The Baltic was originally supposed to be the same size as her two predecessors, but rather quickly, the company decided that this ship, built under hull number 352, was to be the largest ever built, requiring enlargement of the ship. This task was not easy as the hull was already built; the ship was nevertheless cut in two and the rear part set back nearly six metres to make room for an addition. This ultimately increased her tonnage by nearly 3,000 tons, giving more space to passengers.
The liner was launched on 21 November 1903. The Illustrated London News reported that the Baltic was christened by actress Julia Neilson. Completed the following spring, the liner reached Liverpool on 23 June 1904 to be delivered to its owner.
An enlarged version of the Celtic and the Cedric, the Baltic was, when she entered service, the largest liner in the world, with a gross tonnage of 23,876 and a net tonnage of 15,295, 222.2 metres (729 ft 0 in) in length overall by 23 m (75 ft 6 in) in width and 16 m (52 ft 6 in) in draft. Her hull was black and she had a white superstructure. Her funnels were ocher-brown topped with a black cuff, the colors of the White Star Line. She also had four masts, the first carrying the lookout's nest, the following serving as support for the cables of the wireless telegraphy. The ship had four continuous decks as well as an upper deck and several superstructures.
Propelled by two propellers powered by two four-cylinder triple expansion steam engines, the ship could sail at an average speed of 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph), and could reach a maximum speed of 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph). Her machinery initially developed a power of 14,000 horsepower (10,000 kW), which rose to 16,000 hp (12,000 kW) after an improvement was made to the machinery to allow the vessel to maintain the same speeds as her predecessors despite her larger size. Her coal consumption was also slightly higher than that of the Celtic and the Cedric, at 280 tons per day instead of 260. She was supplied with electricity and was provided with electric lights and refrigeration installations.
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