Raigón Formation

Raigón Formation
Raigón Formation
Stratigraphic range: Pliocene–Middle Pleistocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Type	Geological formation
Underlies	Libertad Formation
Overlies	Fray Bentos Formation
Lithology
Primary	siltstone
Location
Country	Uruguay
Type section
Named for	Raigón, Uruguay
	class=notpageimage\| Raigón Formation, Uruguay
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The Raigón Formation is a geologic formation in Uruguay dated between the Pliocene and Middle Pleistocene.^[1]

Overview

In 1966, Uruguayan geologists Héctor Goso and Jorge Bossi defined the Raigón Formation, which they subdivided into the San José Member (the same as Francis and Mones' San José Formation) below and the San Bautista Member above.^[2] In 1988, Álvaro Mones identified Lower Pleistocene levels in the San José Member.^[3] In 2002, American geologist H. McDonald and Uruguayan paleontologist Daniel Perea suggested the formation may represent a wide timespan from the Montehermosan all the way to the Ensenadan.^[4]

A notable finding was J. monesi, recovered in situ from a boulder originating in the San José Member. The boulder is made up of siltstone, claystone, and medium-grained and medium-to-conglomeratic psammite (a type of sandstone) intercalated with siltstone.^[5]

Fossil content

The following fossils have been reported from the formation:

Charruatoxodon^[6]
Desmodus draculae^[7]
Trigodon sp.^[6]
Catonyx tarijensis^[6]
Pronothrotherium figueirasi^[6]
Glyptodon^[6]
Plaxhaplous^[6]
Giganhinga^[6]
Josephoartigasia monesi^[5]
Pronothrotherium^[8]
Uruguayurus^[1]
Cardiatherium talicei^[1]
Uruguayodon^[9]
Platygonus sp.^[10]
Phorusrhacinae (possibly Devincenzia)^[11]^[12]
Homotherini - previously assigned to cf. Xenosmilus sp.,^[13] but its generic attribution is uncertain.^[14]^[15]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Bossi, J.; Ortiz, A.; Perea, D. (2009). "Pliocene to middle Pleistocene in Uruguay: A model of climate evolution". Quaternary International. 210 (1–2): 37–43. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2009.08.011.
^ Goso, H.; Bossi, J. (1966). "Cenozoico". In Bossi, J. (ed.). Geología del Uruguay [Geology of Uruguay] (in Spanish). Universidad de la República, Montevideo. pp. 259–301.
^ Mones, A. (1988). "Notas paleontológicas uruguayas. IV. Nuevos registros de mamíferos fósiles de la Formación San José (Plioceno–Plesitoceno inferior?) (Mammalia: Xenarthra; Artiodactyla; Rodentia)". Comunicaciones Paleontologicas Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Montevideo. 20: 255–277.
^ Mcdonald, H. G.; Perea, D. (2002). "The large scelidothere Catonyx tarijensis (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Pleistocene of Uruguay". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 22 (3): 677–683. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2002)022[0677:tlsctx]2.0.co;2. S2CID 86021240.
^ ^a ^b Rinderknecht, A.; Blanco, R. E. (January 2008). "The largest fossil rodent". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 275 (1637): 923–928. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1645. PMC 2599941. PMID 18198140.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Ferrero, B.S.; Schmidt, G.I.; Pérez-Garcia, M.I.; Perea, D.; Ribeiro, A.M. (23 February 2022). "A new Toxodontidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from the Upper Pliocene-Lower Pleistocene of Uruguay". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: 1–12. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.2023167.
^ Ubilla, M.; Gaudioso, P. J.; Perea, D. (2019). "First fossil record of a bat (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) from Uruguay (Plio-Pleistocene, South America): a giant desmodontine". Historical Biology. 33 (2): 138. doi:10.1080/08912963.2019.1590352. S2CID 132321589.
^ Pronothrotherium at Fossilworks.org
^ Corona, A.; Perea, D.; Ubilla, M. (2019). "A new genus of Proterotheriinae (Mammalia, Litopterna) from the Pleistocene of Uruguay". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1567523. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1567523.
^ Gasparini, G.M.; Ubilla, M. (2011). "Platygonus sp. (Mammalia: Tayassuidae) in Uruguay (Raigón? Formation; Pliocene–early Pleistocene), comments about its distribution and palaeoenvironmental significance in South America". Journal of Natural History. 45 (45–46): 2855–2870. doi:10.1080/00222933.2011.620716. hdl:11336/95660.
^ Alvarenga, H. M. F.; Höfling, E. (2003). "Systematic revision of the Phorusrhacidae (Aves: Ralliformes)". Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia. 43 (4): 55–91. doi:10.1590/S0031-10492003000400001.
^ Blanco, Rudemar Ernesto; Jones, Washington W (2005). "Terror birds on the run: a mechanical model to estimate its maximum running speed". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 272 (1574): 1769–1773. doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3133. PMC 1559870. PMID 16096087.
^ Mones, A.; Rinderknecht, A. (2004). "The first South American Homotheriini (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae)" (PDF). Comunicaciones Paleontologicas del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural y Antropología. 35: 201–212.
^ Prevosti, Francisco J.; Forasiepi, Analía M. (2015). "4. South American Fossil Carnivorans (Order Carnivora)". Evolution of South American Mammalian Predators During the Cenozoic: Paleobiogeographic and Paleoenvironmental Contingencies. Springer International Publishing. p. 98. ISBN 978-3-319-03701-1.
^ McDonald, H.G.; Werdelin, L. (2018). Shaw, C.A.; McDonald, H.G.; Werdelin, L. (eds.). Smilodon: The Iconic Sabertooth. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 70. ISBN 978-1-4214-2557-3.

This article about a location in Uruguay is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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[BO09-1] Bossi, J.; Ortiz, A.; Perea, D. (2009). "Pliocene to middle Pleistocene in Uruguay: A model of climate evolution". Quaternary International. 210 (1–2): 37–43. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2009.08.011.

[2] Goso, H.; Bossi, J. (1966). "Cenozoico". In Bossi, J. (ed.). Geología del Uruguay [Geology of Uruguay] (in Spanish). Universidad de la República, Montevideo. pp. 259–301.

[3] Mones, A. (1988). "Notas paleontológicas uruguayas. IV. Nuevos registros de mamíferos fósiles de la Formación San José (Plioceno–Plesitoceno inferior?) (Mammalia: Xenarthra; Artiodactyla; Rodentia)". Comunicaciones Paleontologicas Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Montevideo. 20: 255–277.

[4] Mcdonald, H. G.; Perea, D. (2002). "The large scelidothere Catonyx tarijensis (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Pleistocene of Uruguay". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 22 (3): 677–683. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2002)022[0677:tlsctx]2.0.co;2. S2CID 86021240.

[Rinderknecht-5] Rinderknecht, A.; Blanco, R. E. (January 2008). "The largest fossil rodent". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 275 (1637): 923–928. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1645. PMC 2599941. PMID 18198140.

[Ferrero2022-6] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Ferrero, B.S.; Schmidt, G.I.; Pérez-Garcia, M.I.; Perea, D.; Ribeiro, A.M. (23 February 2022). "A new Toxodontidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from the Upper Pliocene-Lower Pleistocene of Uruguay". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: 1–12. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.2023167.

[7] Ubilla, M.; Gaudioso, P. J.; Perea, D. (2019). "First fossil record of a bat (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) from Uruguay (Plio-Pleistocene, South America): a giant desmodontine". Historical Biology. 33 (2): 138. doi:10.1080/08912963.2019.1590352. S2CID 132321589.

[FWPronothrotherium-8] Pronothrotherium at Fossilworks.org

[corona2019-9] Corona, A.; Perea, D.; Ubilla, M. (2019). "A new genus of Proterotheriinae (Mammalia, Litopterna) from the Pleistocene of Uruguay". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1567523. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1567523.

[10] Gasparini, G.M.; Ubilla, M. (2011). "Platygonus sp. (Mammalia: Tayassuidae) in Uruguay (Raigón? Formation; Pliocene–early Pleistocene), comments about its distribution and palaeoenvironmental significance in South America". Journal of Natural History. 45 (45–46): 2855–2870. doi:10.1080/00222933.2011.620716. hdl:11336/95660.

[11] Alvarenga, H. M. F.; Höfling, E. (2003). "Systematic revision of the Phorusrhacidae (Aves: Ralliformes)". Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia. 43 (4): 55–91. doi:10.1590/S0031-10492003000400001.

[12] Blanco, Rudemar Ernesto; Jones, Washington W (2005). "Terror birds on the run: a mechanical model to estimate its maximum running speed". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 272 (1574): 1769–1773. doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3133. PMC 1559870. PMID 16096087.

[13] Mones, A.; Rinderknecht, A. (2004). "The first South American Homotheriini (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae)" (PDF). Comunicaciones Paleontologicas del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural y Antropología. 35: 201–212.

[14] Prevosti, Francisco J.; Forasiepi, Analía M. (2015). "4. South American Fossil Carnivorans (Order Carnivora)". Evolution of South American Mammalian Predators During the Cenozoic: Paleobiogeographic and Paleoenvironmental Contingencies. Springer International Publishing. p. 98. ISBN 978-3-319-03701-1.

[15] McDonald, H.G.; Werdelin, L. (2018). Shaw, C.A.; McDonald, H.G.; Werdelin, L. (eds.). Smilodon: The Iconic Sabertooth. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 70. ISBN 978-1-4214-2557-3.

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