Rail sabotage (colloquially known as wrecking) is the act of disrupting a rail transport network. This includes both acts designed only to hinder or delay as well as acts designed to actually destroy a train. Railway sabotage requires considerable effort, due to the design and heavy weight of railways.

Sabotage must be distinguished from more blatant methods of disruption (e.g., blowing up a train, train robbery).

In 2022, setting fire to rail relay cabinets that control track operations was a common method of sabotage during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.