Ranong (Thai: ระนอง) is a town (thesaban mueang) in southern Thailand, capital of the Ranong Province and the Mueang Ranong District. The town covers completely the area of the tambon Khao Niwet (เขานิเวศน์). As of 2024, it had a population of 16,909. Ranong lies 586 kilometres (364 mi) south-southwest of Bangkok by road.

Ranong is on the estuary of the Pak Chan (or Kraburi) River, opposite Myanmar's Kawthaung (formerly Victoria Point). The Tenasserim Hills rise directly to the east of Ranong, and another small ridge runs along the edge of the estuary to the town's north. Neighboring subdistricts are (from north clockwise) Bang Non, Hat Som Paen, Bang Rin and Pak Nam.

On 14 March 1936 Ranong sanitary district was elevated to subdistrict municipality.

The administration of Ranong town is responsible for Khao Niwet subdistrict (tambon) with 4.2 square kilometres (1.6 sq mi) and 16,909 people of 8,333 households. Khao Niwet subdistrict is not divided into villages (mubans).

Ranong town municipality (thesaban mueang) covers the whole Khao Niwet subdistrict.

There is general hospital in Ranong with 300 beds.

There is no health-promoting hospital in the town.

There are two schools in the town: