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Rawalpindi Tehsil
Rawalpindi is a tehsil – an administrative subdivision – of Rawalpindi District in the western part of the Punjab province, Pakistan. It contains the district capital – the city of Rawalpindi.
Population of Rawalpindi Tehsil per 2023 Pakistani census is 3,744,590.
Archaeological remains found on the site of the city of Rawalpindi date the establishment of settlements there to ancient times. There are ruins of a Buddhist settlement contemporary to the more celebrated ruins at nearby Taxila. It is widely believed that a Hun raid destroyed the first city. After the Battle of Balakot, the forces of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, mainly the Gheba tribe, settled in Attock and Rawalpindi.
The Muslim ruler Mahmud of Ghazni (979-1030 AD) gifted the ruined city to a Ghakkar chief, Kai Gohar. Because it was vulnerable to invaders, the town remained deserted until another Ghakhar chief, Jahandad Khan, restored it and named it Rawalpindi (after the village Rawal).
Rawalpindi remained under the rule of Ghakkars until Muqarrab Khan Gakhar, the last Ghakhar ruler, was defeated by Sikhs in 1765. Under Sikh rule, traders were invited to settle in Rawalpindi. A thriving trade was established, but during the nineteenth century, the Sikhs lost the city to the British, who established a cantonment south of the old city of Rawalpindi.
In 1879, the Punjab Northern Railway zone was extended to Rawalpindi. The train service was formally inaugurated on 1 January 1886. It housed the headquarters of Northern Command of the British Indian Army until 1947, and thereafter the headquarters of the Pakistan Army.
The tehsil was described in the Imperial Gazetteer of India as follows:
"North-western Tehsil of Rawalpindi District, Punjab, lying between 33°19' and 33°50' N. and 72°34' and 73°23' E., with an area of 764 square miles (1,980 km2). The population in 1901 was 261,101, compared with 243,141 in 1891. The tahsil contains the town and cantonment of RAWALPINDI (population, 87,688), the headquarters ; and 448 villages. The land revenue and cesses in 1903-4 amounted to 2.6 lakhs. MANIKIALA and SHAHDHERI are places of great archaeological interest. The Sohan river, which crosses the tahsil from east to west, divides it into two distinct portions. To the north lie the rich plains round Rawalpindi town, sloping up to the outlying spurs of the Himalayas, which form the northern boundary of the tahsil. To the south the country is cut up by torrent beds and ravines into little plateaux, which vary in soil and character, but resemble each other in difficulty of access".
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Rawalpindi Tehsil
Rawalpindi is a tehsil – an administrative subdivision – of Rawalpindi District in the western part of the Punjab province, Pakistan. It contains the district capital – the city of Rawalpindi.
Population of Rawalpindi Tehsil per 2023 Pakistani census is 3,744,590.
Archaeological remains found on the site of the city of Rawalpindi date the establishment of settlements there to ancient times. There are ruins of a Buddhist settlement contemporary to the more celebrated ruins at nearby Taxila. It is widely believed that a Hun raid destroyed the first city. After the Battle of Balakot, the forces of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, mainly the Gheba tribe, settled in Attock and Rawalpindi.
The Muslim ruler Mahmud of Ghazni (979-1030 AD) gifted the ruined city to a Ghakkar chief, Kai Gohar. Because it was vulnerable to invaders, the town remained deserted until another Ghakhar chief, Jahandad Khan, restored it and named it Rawalpindi (after the village Rawal).
Rawalpindi remained under the rule of Ghakkars until Muqarrab Khan Gakhar, the last Ghakhar ruler, was defeated by Sikhs in 1765. Under Sikh rule, traders were invited to settle in Rawalpindi. A thriving trade was established, but during the nineteenth century, the Sikhs lost the city to the British, who established a cantonment south of the old city of Rawalpindi.
In 1879, the Punjab Northern Railway zone was extended to Rawalpindi. The train service was formally inaugurated on 1 January 1886. It housed the headquarters of Northern Command of the British Indian Army until 1947, and thereafter the headquarters of the Pakistan Army.
The tehsil was described in the Imperial Gazetteer of India as follows:
"North-western Tehsil of Rawalpindi District, Punjab, lying between 33°19' and 33°50' N. and 72°34' and 73°23' E., with an area of 764 square miles (1,980 km2). The population in 1901 was 261,101, compared with 243,141 in 1891. The tahsil contains the town and cantonment of RAWALPINDI (population, 87,688), the headquarters ; and 448 villages. The land revenue and cesses in 1903-4 amounted to 2.6 lakhs. MANIKIALA and SHAHDHERI are places of great archaeological interest. The Sohan river, which crosses the tahsil from east to west, divides it into two distinct portions. To the north lie the rich plains round Rawalpindi town, sloping up to the outlying spurs of the Himalayas, which form the northern boundary of the tahsil. To the south the country is cut up by torrent beds and ravines into little plateaux, which vary in soil and character, but resemble each other in difficulty of access".