Rebecca Peterson (born 6 August 1995) is a Swedish professional tennis player. She has been ranked as high as world No. 43 in singles and No. 87 in doubles by the WTA.

Peterson has reached three singles finals on the WTA Tour, winning two of them. She has also reached one WTA Tour doubles final in 2015, in which she also succeeded to win the title. She also owns a doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour. On the ITF Women's Circuit, she won twelve singles and six doubles titles.

She had her breakthrough into the top 100 in May 2018, so she could play in main draw at most of the WTA Tour tournaments. She got most recognition in 2019, when she won two singles titles and also recorded her first top-ten win, against Sloane Stephens at the Washington Open. Also, in 2019, she entered top 50 for the first time. She made her Grand Slam debut at the 2017 US Open where she lost in the first round to Denisa Allertová. Among other players, Rebecca is most famous for her aggressive style of play, and she loves to force her forehand. During the 2018 season, she and Johanna Larsson took turns for the Swedish No. 1 in the WTA rankings. After Larsson's retirement in February 2020, Peterson was left as the only Swede inside the top 100 of the WTA rankings.

Rebecca Peterson was born to a Swedish mother, Annelie, and an Estonian father, Mart, in Stockholm. She has one sister, Berit. Her father is her current tennis coach, together with Bosse Ericsson. Rebecca prefers aggressive game style, and likes to control the game with her forehand. While growing up she enjoyed watching Kim Clijsters and Justine Henin.

Peterson began playing on the ITF Junior Circuit at age 13. She reached a career-high ranking of No. 24 as a junior, and won one singles title and four doubles titles, winning all of them in 2010. In singles, her first tournament was Salk Open in January 2009, where she also got her first win, but then lost in the second round. In doubles, her first tournament was the Estonian Junior Open, held in June 2009, where she again lost in the first round. At the same tournament, she reached quarterfinals in singles.

In 2010, she played her first doubles final at the Salk Open, and also won the title. In May 2010, she played in the semifinals of Tennis Sweden Junior Cup in singles, whilst in doubles she won title. In October 2010, she won the Mian-Chang Cup International Junior Championships, her first junior singles title. There, she also won title in doubles.

In June 2012, she played her first junior major event, at the French Open, where in singles, after passing qualifying, she reached the third round, while in doubles she lost in the second round. In Wimbledon and the US Open, she lost in the first round in both singles and doubles. In 2013, she played the second round of the Australian Open in singles, and the first round in doubles. Her last junior tournament was the European Summer Cups in September 2013.

Despite the fact that she made her first doubles match on the ITF Women's Circuit in October 2009, she also continued to play in juniors. In 2010, she played qualifying for the Swedish Open but failed to reach main draw. Her first singles tournament was in November 2010 at Stockholm where she defeated German player Alina Wessel in the first round but lost to Alison Van Uytvanck in the second. In 2011, Peterson won only one singles and one doubles match, both at Båstad in May.