"Rich Woman" is a song written by Dorothy LaBostrie and McKinley "Li'l" Millet, who recorded it in 1955, and was most notably recorded by Robert Plant and Alison Krauss on their 2007 album Raising Sand.

The song was first recorded by Li'l Millet and his Creoles, for Specialty Records. He co-wrote the song with LaBostrie, who had previously co-written "Tutti-Frutti" with Little Richard. Li'l Millet and His Creoles played clubs in Louisiana and Mississippi. They were heard playing at a club in Thibodaux, Louisiana by Bumps Blackwell of Specialty Records, who signed them to a contract and first recorded them at Cosimo Matassa's J&M Studios in September 1955 and released in November 1955. The band comprised Millet (vocals, bass), Edgar Myles (vocals, trombone), Lee Allen (tenor sax), Ernest Mare (guitar), Bartholomew Smith (drums), James Victor Lewis (tenor sax) and Warren Myles (piano).

Canned Heat recorded it for their eponymous first album, in 1967, on Liberty Records.

The Fabulous Thunderbirds included it on their eponymous first album (also known as Girls Go Wild) in 1979, on Chrysalis Records.

Robert Plant & Alison Krauss opened their 2007 album Raising Sand with their version of the song.

Boz Scaggs opened his 2015 album A Fool To Care, with his version on the indie label, 429 Records. His version most closely resembles the Li'l Millet original.

Country singer Alison Krauss and former Led Zeppelin vocalist Robert Plant included their version on their 2007 duet album Raising Sand; at the suggestion of their noted producer T Bone Burnett. It was also released as a CD single and as a digital download.

It won the 2009 Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals.