The Rovno Ghetto (also: Równe or Rivne Ghetto, Yiddish: ראָװנע) was a World War II Nazi ghetto established in December 1941 in the city of Rovno, western Ukraine, in the territory of German-administered Reichskommissariat Ukraine. On 6 November 1941, about 21,000 Jews were massacred by Einsatzgruppe C and their Ukrainian collaborators. The remaining Jews were imprisoned in the ghetto. In July 1942, the remaining 5,000 Jews were trucked to a stone quarry near Kostopol and murdered there.

The ghetto was liquidated on July 13, 1942. Only a handful of Jews managed to escape deportation.

The city of Równe was the largest agglomeration in the province of Volhynia (Wołyń) of the Second Polish Republic. About 25,000 Jews lived in Równe, Wołyń Voivodeship in 1937. The town was a center for Jewish education with many Jewish schools including a Hasidic religious school (yeshiva).

Located in the south-eastern region of Kresy, about 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of the interwar border between Poland and the Soviet Union, Równe was occupied by the Red Army upon the Soviet invasion of Poland on September 17, 1939 and incorporated into the Ukrainian SSR.

When German troops invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, the city fell to the Wehrmacht on June 28, 1941. On August 20, 1941, Rovno was declared the capital of German Reichskommissariat Ukraine. The Jewish ghetto in the city of Rovno was set up by the German administration soon after the Reichskommissariat Ukraine was formed.

At the beginning of the German occupation, around 23,000 Polish Jews resided in Rovno along with refugees from western Poland, who made up half the population of the city.

When the Nazis captured the city from the Soviets, they carried out several executions of its Jewish population.

In December 1941 an open ghetto was created in the Wola neighborhood, on the edge of Rovno, and 5,200 Jews initially lived there. The destruction of the Jewish people of Rovno occurred in three phases.