Rodman is a town in Jefferson County, New York, United States. The population was 1,176 at the 2010 census. The name is derived from a public official, Daniel Rodman.

The town is in the southeastern part of the county and is south of Watertown.

Prehistoric remains in the town document the lives of the original natives.

The region was part of Macomb's Purchase. The town was first settled around 1801.

Rodman was organized as a town in 1804 from part of the town of Adams. The town was originally called "Harrison" after an early landowner, but was later changed to "Rodman", the name of the clerk of the legislature, due to confusion with other similarly named communities. Part of Rodman was used in 1808 to form the Town of Pinckney (Now part of Lewis County).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 42.3 square miles (109.5 km²), of which 0.04 square miles (0.1 km²), or 0.13%, are water.

The town is north of Syracuse and south of Watertown, on the western slopes of the Tug Hill Plateau. The eastern town line is the border of Lewis County.

New York State Route 177 is an east–west highway crossing the town.