Alaskan Creoles (Russian: Креолы Аляски, romanized: Kreoly Alyaski) are the descendants of ethnic Russians in colonial Alaska, known as Russian Creoles (Russian: Креолы, romanized: Kreoly), who intermarried with Aleut, Yupik, Inuit, and other Alaskan Native peoples.

In Russian Alaska, the term Creole was not a racial category, rather the designation of "colonial citizen" in the Russian Empire. Creoles constituted a privileged class in Alaska that could serve in the Russian military, had free education paid for by the colonial government, and had the opportunity of social mobility in both colonial Alaska and in the Russian Empire.

Creoles played an important role in Russian Alaska, as they managed colonial outposts and founded new Russian Creole towns. Their professions varied widely: they were teachers, clergy, navigators, cartographers, ship commanders, missionaries, hunters, interpreters, administrators and artists. The Creoles held a position of honor and respectability in colonial Alaska.

While many Creoles initially were the offspring of Sibero-Russian promyshlenniki (frontiersmen) who married native Alaskan women, the colonial government of Alaska made it possible for all Alaskan natives to become Creole if they pledged allegiance to the Alaskan government, thus becoming naturalized citizens. Being Creole was a matter of education, spirit, state of mind, and self-identity.

Creoles had tax-exemption from Imperial Russia if they stayed and lived at home in colonial Alaska; they were citizens of various Creole towns, such as the Alaskan capital of New Archangel (now Sitka, Alaska). Alaskan Creoles and natives were indiscernible except in that Creoles were more likely to dress in a Russian style.

Alaskan natives seeking free education and Creoles natively born in Alaska had access to free education by the colonial government; in exchange for free education, the colonial government required them to enlist in obligatory state and military service for at least ten years.

The development of arts, architecture, and music during the Russian period combined traditional Alaska Native techniques with Old Russian culture derived from the Byzantine Church. Cross-cultural borrowings were the characteristic of the period; an example of this cross-cultural borrowing was the Alaskan celebration of Christmas incorporating traditional masked performances.

Alaskan Russian society was characterized by multilingualism and multiculturalism. Generally three languages were used: Church Slavonic was used for religion; for official and educational purposes, Russian was used; Alaska Native languages were used for colloquial purposes. Specific usage of each language depended on the locale within Alaska; in many regions of colonial Alaska, Russian was spoken as a colloquial language as much as Alaska Native languages, and Alaska Native languages were spoken during religious service for liturgy and songs.