Sarah Mather was born in Brooklyn, New York, a bustling port city at the time. Information about her family and upbringing is currently unavailable. Brooklyn during this period was undergoing rapid growth and development, influenced by trade and commerce.

Details of Sarah Mather's childhood and formal education are unknown. Formal education for girls during this time was not as common as it is today, but she might have received basic education at home or attended a local dame school. Her later inventiveness suggests a curious and intelligent mind, likely fostered through self-directed learning and observation.

The details of Sarah Mather's early adulthood are currently unknown. She likely lived within the social constraints of the early 19th century, potentially marrying and starting a family. Further research is needed to uncover further details about this period in her life.