Sayyida Zaynab Mosque, Syria
Sayyida Zaynab Mosque, Syria
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Sayyida Zaynab Mosque, Syria

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Sayyida Zaynab Mosque, Syria

The Sayyida Zaynab Mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد ٱلسَّيِّدَة زَيْنَب, romanizedMasjid as-Sayyidah Zaynab) is a Twelver Shi'ite mosque located in Sayyidah Zaynab near the capital city of Damascus, Syria. Twelver Shi'ite tradition considers the mosque to contain the grave of Zaynab bint Ali (c. 626–682), the daughter of Ali and Fatima, and granddaughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad; while Sunni and Isma'ili Shia tradition place Zaynab's tomb in the mosque of the same name in Cairo, Egypt.

The tomb became a centre of Twelver religious studies in Syria and a destination of mass pilgrimage by Twelver Shia Muslims from across the Muslim world, beginning in the 1980s. The zenith of visitation normally occurs in the summer. The present-day mosque that hosts the tomb was built in 1990.

The shrine of Sayyida Zaynab is located in al-Sitt near the south of Damascus, in part of the Rif Dimashq Governorate. The building of the shrine consists of a large sahn with a square plan. It included a dome and two high minarets. The minarets and walls of the courtyard and porches were tiled by Iranian artists, the roof and walls of the shrine were glazed from the inside and the dome was gilded from the outside. On the eastern side of the courtyard, the building of the Zeinabieh's prayer hall with a small courtyard has been built. A new courtyard has also recently been built on the north side of the Holy Shrine. The shrine is sometimes seen by some as a place of miracles.

The shrine has been managed by Mourtada's family (Arabic: آلُ مُرْتَضَى, romanizedĀl Murtaḍā) since the fourteenth century.[citation needed] Financially, the shrine has been funded mainly by the Iranian government following 1979. Given their financial investment, the ideological direction of the shrine and the prayer hall follow Ayatollah Khamanei. The Lebanese Hezbollah displays several posters and sets at the shrine.

Several Shia scholars and celebrities such as Seyyed Mohsen Amin Ameli, and Seyyed Hossein Yousef Maki Ameli are buried in the shrine of Sayyidah Zainab and the surrounding cemeteries. Ali Shariati, an ideologue of the Iranian Revolution, had wished before his death, to be buried in the yard of Zaynab bint Ali, the descendant of Muhammad and beloved daughter of Imam Ali. His shrine is found within the compound of Sayyidah Zaynab Mosque and is regularly visited by many Iranian pilgrims.

On 27 September 2008, a car bomb attack took place on the intersection leading up to the mosque, killing 17 people.

On 14 June 2012, the town became the target of a suicide car bomb attack where around 14 people were heavily wounded.[citation needed]

Since mid-summer 2012, the town has been under attack from armed militants in neighbouring Sunni towns. Many Shia and pro-government families were driven out of their homes in southern Damascus and sought refuge in al-Sitt. Constant shelling became more frequent in this predominantly Shia town, and rockets landing on random places in the town became common.

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