Sid Meier
Meier at the 2010 Game Developers Conference
Born	(1954-02-24) February 24, 1954 (age 71) Sarnia, Ontario, Canada
Education	University of Michigan (BA)
Occupation(s)	Businessman, computer programmer
Years active	1981–present
Employer	2K Games
Known for	MicroProse, Firaxis Games, Civilization series
Spouse	Susan Meier
Children	Ryan Meier
Awards	AIAS Hall of Fame Award (1999)^[1]

Sidney K. Meier (/ˈmaɪər/ MIRE; born February 24, 1954) is an American businessman and computer programmer. A programmer, designer, and producer of many strategy video games and simulation video games, including the Civilization series, Meier co-founded MicroProse in 1982 with Bill Stealey and is the Director of Creative Development of Firaxis Games, which he co-founded with Jeff Briggs and Brian Reynolds in 1996. For his contributions to the video game industry, Meier was inducted into the Academy of Interactive Arts and Sciences Hall of Fame.

Early life and education

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Meier was born in Sarnia, Ontario, Canada, to parents of Dutch and Swiss descent, which conferred on him both Canadian and Swiss citizenship upon birth. When he was about three years old, his family moved to Detroit, Michigan, where he was raised.^[2] At the University of Michigan, he studied history and computer science, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree in computer science in 1975.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Career

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Following college, Meier worked in developing cash register systems for department stores.^[5] During this timeframe, Meier acquired an Atari 800 around 1981, an experience that led him to the realization of the potential for employing computer programming in the creation of video games. He found a co-worker, Bill Stealey, who had a similar interest in developing games, and shared the games that Meier had developed. The two decided to establish a new company for computer game development subsequent to the widespread advancement and growth of the software and personal computer industries, which were developing extensively during the initial years of the 1980s.^[6]

MicroProse

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Sid Meier has stated on numerous occasions that he emphasizes the "fun parts" of a simulation and throws out the rest.
— Computer Gaming World, 1994^[7]

Meier founded MicroProse with Stealey in 1982.^[8] After a few initial 2D action games, such as Meier's platformer Floyd of the Jungle,^[9] MicroProse settled into a run of flight simulation titles beginning with Hellcat Ace (1982) and continuing with Spitfire Ace (1982), Solo Flight (1983), and F-15 Strike Eagle (1985), all designed and programmed by Meier.^[10]

The first appearance of Meier's name on the retail box of a game was as the credited creator of Formula 1 Racing in 1982. In 1984 Stealey began marketing Meier himself, hoping to attract other developers by promoting him as an auteur;^[5] by 1986 MicroProse was using Meier's name and face in advertisements for its games.^[11] In 1987, the company released Sid Meier's Pirates!, the first game with Meier's name in the title. He later explained that the inclusion of his name was because Pirates! is very different from the company's earlier titles. Stealey decided that Meier's name would make those who purchased the flight simulators more likely to play the game. Stealey recalled: "We were at dinner at a Software Publishers Association meeting, and Robin Williams was there. And he kept us in stitches for two hours. And he turns to me and says 'Bill, you should put Sid's name on a couple of these boxes, and promote him as the star.' And that's how Sid's name got on Pirates, and Civilization."^[3]^[6]

The idea was successful; by 1992, an entry in Computer Gaming World's poetry contest praised Meier's name as "a guarantee they got it right".^[12] While emphasizing that he did not encourage MicroProse promoting his name, Meier did insist on doing all of the work on games himself, including sound and art, until work by artist Michael Haire,^[13] whom Stealey had hired for Silent Service (1985), persuaded him.^[5] Meier is not always the main designer on titles that carry his name. For instance, Brian Reynolds has been credited as the primary designer behind Sid Meier's Civilization II, Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri, and Sid Meier's Colonization,^[14]^[15] while Jeff Briggs designed Sid Meier's Civilization III,^[16] Soren Johnson led Sid Meier's Civilization IV,^[17] Jon Shafer led Sid Meier's Civilization V,^[18] and Will Miller and David McDonough were the designers of Sid Meier's Civilization: Beyond Earth.^[19]

After the release of F-19 Stealth Fighter, Meier focused on strategy games, later saying "Everything I thought was cool about a flight simulator had gone into that game."^[20] Inspired by SimCity and Empire, he created Sid Meier's Railroad Tycoon and later the game series for which he is most widely recognized, Sid Meier's Civilization,^[15] although he designed only the first installment. Around 1990, Stealey wanted to expand MicroProse to produce arcade games, which Meier felt was too risky. Unable to resolve the matter with Stealey, Meier sold Stealey his half of the company, but remained with the company in his same role.^[21]

Firaxis Games

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MicroProse, after it had become a public company, merged with Spectrum HoloByte in 1993 under Spectrum's name, with Spectrum as the operating company. As a cost-cutting measure, Spectrum cut many of the jobs at MicroProse in 1996 and consolidated much of their operations. Meier, along with MicroProse employees Jeff Briggs and Brian Reynolds, were dissastified with these decisions, and opted to leave the company to form Firaxis Games in 1997.^[22]^[23]

Firaxis continued to develop the same type of strategy games that Meier had developed at MicroProse, many of which are follow-ups to those titles, such as the new Civilization games and a remake of Sid Meier's Pirates! (2004). In 1996, he was granted a patent for a "System for Real-Time Music Composition and Synthesis" used in C.P.U. Bach.^[24] Next Generation listed him in their "75 Most Important People in the Games Industry of 1995", calling him "a prolific developer of some of the best games in [MicroProse]'s catalog".^[25]

According to Firaxis employees, Meier has been constantly developing a special game engine since around 1996 which he uses to prototype his game ideas and which he has not shared with anyone else. Dennis Shirk, a senior producer, said in 2016 that Meier would sometimes arrive at the office and announce he had a new game prototype for the company to try out and see if it could be developed further. The engine is believed by Firaxis employees to be based on his original Civilization source, but expanded over the years with updates that he or other engineers will write for him.^[26]

Meier worked with a team on a dinosaur-themed game starting in early 2000, but announced in an online development diary in 2001 that the game had been shelved. Despite trying various approaches, including turn-based and real-time gameplay, he said he found no way to make the concept fun enough. In 2005, he said, "We've been nonstop busy making other games over the past several years, so the dinosaur game remains on the shelf. However, I do love the idea of a dinosaur game and would like to revisit it when I have some time."^[27]

An autobiography, Sid Meier's Memoir!: A Life in Computer Games, was published on September 8, 2020, by W. W. Norton & Company.^[28]

Development style

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Computer Gaming World reported in 1994 that "Sid Meier has stated on numerous occasions that he emphasizes the 'fun parts' of a simulation and throws out the rest".^[7] The magazine reported that year how "Meier insisted that discovering the elusive quality of fun is the toughest part of design."^[29] According to PC Gamer, "Though his games are frequently about violent times and places, there is never any blood or gore shown. He designs and creates his games by playing them, over and over, until they are fun."^[30]

Personal life

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Meier lives in Hunt Valley, Maryland, with his second wife Susan. He is a devout Christian, and he and his wife attend Faith Evangelical Lutheran Church in Cockeysville, where he is the Director of Contemporary Music.^[3]^[31] Susan was one of the original 13 employees at Firaxis Games along with Sid.^[32] Meier has a son, Ryan Meier, who worked for Blizzard Entertainment, Firaxis Games, and Google.^[33]^[34]

Awards

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This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (April 2013)

In 1996, GameSpot put Meier at the top of their listing of the "Most Influential People in Computer Gaming of All Time", calling him "our Hitchcock, our Spielberg, our Ellington".^[35] That same year, Computer Gaming World ranked him as eighth on the list of the "Most Influential Industry Players of All Time", noting that no game designer has had as many CGW Hall of Fame games as Sid Meier.^[36] In 1997, Computer Gaming World ranked him as number one on the list of the "Most Influential People of All Time in Computer Gaming", for game design.^[37] In 1999, he became the second person to be inducted into the Academy of Interactive Arts and Sciences' Hall of Fame.^[38]

In 2008, Meier received a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2008 Game Developer's Conference.^[39] In 2009, he came fifth in a Develop survey that asked some 9,000 game makers about their "ultimate development hero".^[3] In 2009, he was ranked second in IGN's list of "Top Game Creators of All Time", and was called "the ideal role model for any aspiring game designer".^[40] In 2017, he was awarded the Life Achievement by the Golden Joystick Awards.^[41]

Games

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Meier has been the developer, co-developer, and producer of many games.^[42]^[43] A complete list of his works which includes early non-commercial titles is available in the appendix of Sid Meier's Memoir!^[44]

Release	Game	Notes
1981	Bank Game I	Meier was paid to make a game for a bank with a piggybank catching falling coins.^[44]
	Bank Game II	In Meier's second bank-game the goal was to cross the road to the bank.^[44]
	Faux Space Invaders	Written in assembly, and a local store bought five or ten copies.^[44]^[45]
	Faux Pac-Man	Pac-Man rip-off, developed as training and shared with the users group.^[44]
1982	Formula 1 Racing	The first commercial game by Sid Meier, published by Acorn Software Products Inc.^[46]^[47]
	Hellcat Ace	Sid Meier's first project for MicroProse according to Bill Stealey.^[48]
	Chopper Rescue	Improved and commercial version of Hostage Rescue. Sid Meier has said this was the first game he wrote at MicroProse.^[45]
	Spitfire Ace
	Floyd of the Jungle^[9]
1983	NATO Commander
	Wingman^[49]
	Floyd of the Jungle II
	Solo Flight
1984	Air Rescue I^[50]
1984	F-15 Strike Eagle
1985	Silent Service	World War II submarine simulation game
	Crusade in Europe
	Decision in the Desert
1986	Conflict in Vietnam	Last Sid Meier game released for the Atari 8-bit family.^[51]
1986	Gunship
1987	Sid Meier's Pirates!	A pirate simulation game based around life of a pirate, a privateer, or a pirate hunter in the 16th-18th centuries. The first game to have Sid Meier's name included in its title.
1988	Red Storm Rising	Nuclear submarine simulation game, based on the novel by Tom Clancy.
1988	F-19 Stealth Fighter
1989	F-15 Strike Eagle II
1990	Covert Action	An espionage game offering a range of arcade-style game modes.
1990	Sid Meier's Railroad Tycoon	A business simulation game that paints the early development of railroads in the United States and Europe. With the release of Sid Meier's Railroads!, this series now has four installments.
1991	Sid Meier's Civilization	A vastly successful turn-based strategy game, that has now run to a franchise (see below). This is Meier's most successful game franchise to date, having sold over 73 million copies as of August 2024.^[52]
1993	Pirates! Gold	Remake of 1987's Pirates! game that included several new features, such as extra missions. Paul Murphy was lead designer on the game.
1994	Sid Meier's Colonization	A turn-based strategy game themed on the early European colonization of the New World.
1994	C.P.U. Bach	Meier's patented music-making program for 3DO, that became a commercial failure.^[44]^[53]
1995	Sid Meier's CivNet	A remake of Civilization with support for internet-based multiplayer gameplay.
1996	Sid Meier's Civilization II	Follow-up to Sid Meier's successful Civilization; Brian Reynolds was lead designer on the game.
1997	Magic: The Gathering	This would be the last game that Sid Meier worked on for MicroProse.
1997	Sid Meier's Gettysburg!	Sid Meier's first real-time tactical game.
1999	Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri	Brian Reynolds was lead designer on this adaptation of Civilization to an extraterrestrial theme.
1999	Sid Meier's Antietam!	Sid Meier's Gettysburg and Antietam are part of his Civil War set.
2001	Sid Meier's Civilization III	Jeff Briggs designed the third installment of the series, with more complex rules, graphics and gameplay.
2002	Sid Meier's SimGolf	A golfing simulation in which the player built their own golf course and played it against computer players, co-created by Maxis. (Not to be confused with Maxis' 1996 title SimGolf.)
2004	Sid Meier's Pirates!	Follow-up to the acclaimed Pirates! game from 1987, updating the graphics and featuring some entirely new gameplay elements.
2005	Sid Meier's Civilization IV	Designed by Soren Johnson. A full 3D engine replaces the isometric maps of Civilization II and III.
2006	Sid Meier's Railroads!	When Take-Two shut down PopTop Software and folded it into Firaxis, Meier once again became responsible for the Railroad Tycoon series, and this is billed as the sequel to Railroad Tycoon 3.
2008	Sid Meier's Civilization Revolution	A seventh generation console edition of Civilization.
	Sid Meier's Pirates! Mobile	The game was developed and published by Oasys Mobile and was led by one of the original programmers for Pirates! Gold.
	Sid Meier's Railroad Tycoon Mobile	Developed by Blue Heat and published by Oasys Mobile. This mobile version allows players to build their own transportation empire.
	Sid Meier's Civilization IV: Colonization	A 2008 remake of the 1994 Colonization, and a standalone game based on the Civilization IV engine.
2010	Sid Meier's Civilization V	Headed by Jon Shafer with new features.
2011	Sid Meier's CivWorld	A massively multiplayer online game released on Facebook. Game closed down on May 29, 2013.^[54]
2013	Sid Meier's Ace Patrol	A World War I flight strategy game published by 2K Games.^[55]
2013	Sid Meier's Ace Patrol: Pacific Skies	A World War II flight strategy game published by 2K Games.
2014	Sid Meier's Civilization Revolution 2	A mobile sequel to Sid Meier's Civilization Revolution.
2014	Sid Meier's Civilization: Beyond Earth	A spiritual successor to Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri built atop the Civilization V engine.
2015	Sid Meier's Starships	Follows on from Sid Meier's Civilization: Beyond Earth.
2016	Sid Meier's Civilization VI	Sixth main title in the Civilization series.
2025	Sid Meier's Civilization VII	Seventh main title in the Civilization series.

References

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^ "D.I.C.E Special Awards". Retrieved January 22, 2017.
^ "Firaxicon: An Evening with Sid Meier and Jake Solomon of Firaxis Games". Sid Meier's Civilization. October 8, 2014. Archived from the original on December 11, 2021 – via YouTube.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Sid Meier: The Father of Civilization". Kotaku.com. June 26, 2013. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
^ "Sid Meier's Game Design Boot Camp at the University of Michigan". Eecs.umich.edu. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Jahromi, Neima (September 22, 2021). "Sid Meier and the Meaning of "Civilization"". The New Yorker. Retrieved October 18, 2021.
^ ^a ^b Sullentrop, Chris (May 8, 2017). "'Civilization' Creator Sid Meier: "I Didn't Really Expect to be a Game Designer"". Glixel. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
^ ^a ^b Brooks, M. Evan (May 1994). "Pachyderm Platoon". Computer Gaming World. pp. 166, 168.
^ Plunkett, Luke (August 31, 2011). "Remembering The House That Civilization Built". Kotaku. Gawker Media. Archived from the original on January 10, 2012. Retrieved September 8, 2011.
^ ^a ^b "Floyd of the Jungle". Atari Mania. Archived from the original on March 17, 2018. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
^ Rouse, Richard (2001). Game Design: Theory & Practice. Plano, Texas: Wordware Publishing, Inc. p. 41. ISBN 1-55622-735-3.
^ "Another Great Simulation from Sid Meier - Author of F-15 Strike Eagle (advertisement)". Run. February 1986. p. 48. Retrieved October 8, 2013.
^ "CGW's Last Annual Game Poetry Contest". Computer Gaming World. December 1, 1992. p. 48. Retrieved July 5, 2014.
^ Meier, Sid (2020). Sid Meier's Memoir!. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 50. ISBN 9781324005872.
^ "GameSpy: PC Games, Reviews, News, Previews, Demos, Mods & Patches". Archive.gamespy.com. Archived from the original on October 17, 2008. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
^ ^a ^b "GameSpot Presents: The Sid Meier Legacy". GameSpot. Archived from the original on August 12, 2013.
^ Musgrove, Mike (December 10, 2001). "For the Fun of It". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
^ PC Zone staff (July 6, 2006). "Interview: Looking Back... Civilization IV". Interviews: PC. Computer and Video Games U.S. pp. 1–3. 142558. Archived from the original (PHP) on July 26, 2010. Retrieved February 28, 2007. We pull up a pew with developer Firaxis and talk deep, dark diplomacy.
^ Murdoch, Julian; Wilson, Jason (April 30, 2010). "Civilization 5". GamePro.com. Archived from the original on May 3, 2010. Retrieved August 10, 2010.
^ Parkin, Simon (March 5, 2015). "'We should have been more audacious' - A Civilization: Beyond Earth retrospective". Gamasutra. Archived from the original on March 6, 2015. Retrieved March 5, 2015.
^ Rouse III, Richard (2005). Game Design: Theory & Practice Second Edition. Wordware Publishing. pp. 20–39. ISBN 1-55622-912-7.
^ Scott-Jones, Richard (September 1, 2020). "An excerpt from Sid Meier's Memoir! on the making of Civilization". PCGamesN. Retrieved September 26, 2020.
^ "Sid starts up. Again". Forbes. July 25, 1997. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved September 26, 2018.
^ "Sid Meier Leaves Microprose". Next Generation. No. 20. Imagine Media. August 1996. p. 25.
^ US A system for automatically generating musical compositions on demand one after another without duplication ... in a variety of genres and forms so that concerts based on generated compositions will have a varied mix of pieces incorporated therein. 5496962, Meier, Sidney K. & Briggs, Jeffery L., "System for Real-Time Music Composition and Synthesis", issued March 5, 1996
^ "75 Power Players". Next Generation (11). Imagine Media: 51. November 1995.
^ McKeand, Kirk (June 15, 2016). "Sid Meier prototypes his ideas on a 20-year-old engine only he knows how to use". PCGamesN. Retrieved April 28, 2017.
^ "Ask Sid". Firaxis. August 2005. Archived from the original on March 26, 2006. Retrieved February 5, 2006.
^ Schreier, Jason (September 8, 2020). "Creator of 'Civilization' Looks Back at One of the Longest Careers in the Industry". Bloomberg News. Retrieved September 8, 2020.
^ Wilson, Johnny L.; Brown, Ken; Lombardi, Chris; Weksler, Mike; Coleman, Terry (July 1994). "The Designer's Dilemma: The Eighth Computer Game Developers Conference". Computer Gaming World. pp. 26–31.
^ "How Sid Meier became one of the most recognizable names in gaming | News". PC Gamer. June 28, 2013. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
^ "Game Boy Magazine : Sid Meier, May 1999" (PDF). Joabj.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 8, 2017. Retrieved March 28, 2025.
^ "Susan Meier".
^ "Ryan Meier - Cockeysville, Maryland, United States | Professional Profile | LinkedIn".
^ Hensel, Jennifer Judge (May 22, 2012). "Students experience 'boot camp' with legendary game designer Sid Meier". ur.umich.edu. Archived from the original on January 3, 2017. Retrieved December 19, 2018.
^ "GameSpot". May 17, 2005. Archived from the original on August 12, 2013. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
^ CGW 148: The 15 Most Influential Industry Players of All Time
^ CGW 159: The Most Influential People in Computer Gaming
^ "Special Awards - Sid Meier, Firaxis Games". Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences. Retrieved September 9, 2011.
^ "Game Developer's Choice Online Awards – Sid Meier". Game Developers Conference. UBM TechWeb. Retrieved September 9, 2011.
^ "IGN - 2. Sid Meier". IGN. News Corporation. Retrieved August 27, 2011.
^ Chalk, Andy (November 17, 2017). "Here are your 2017 Golden Joystick Award winners". PC Gamer. Retrieved July 23, 2019.
^ "Biographies: Sid Meier". Firaxis. Archived from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
^ "Firaxis Games". www.firaxis.com. Retrieved August 29, 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Meier, Sid (2020). Sid Meier's Memoir!. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 277–278. ISBN 9781324005872.
^ ^a ^b Edwards, Benj (July 18, 2007). "The History of Civilization". Gamasutra. Archived from the original on February 7, 2016. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
^ ROM MAGAZINE 3 — December 1983/January 1984 p 12, Peter Ellison
^ "Sid Meier's First(?) Game and an Early Look at MicroProse - How They Got Game". web.stanford.edu.
^ Gamers at Work: Stories Behind the Games People Play, by Morgan Ramsay, p 40
^ "Wingman". Atari Mania. Archived from the original on January 27, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2016.
^ "Air Rescue I". Atari Mania. Archived from the original on February 8, 2016. Retrieved July 31, 2016.
^ "List of Atari 400 800 XL XE Games : Meier, Sid, page 1". www.atarimania.com. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
^ "Take-Two report: the company's losses are increasing, Sid Meier's Civilization VII will be released early next year". WN Hub. August 9, 2024. Retrieved November 14, 2024.
^ Sid Meier's Memoir!, pp. 142–153
^ "CIVWORLD SHUTDOWN: FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS". 2K Games. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
^ "Sid Meier's Ace Patrol launches on Steam". Eurogamer.net. August 27, 2013. Retrieved November 26, 2014.

External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sid Meier.

Wikiquote has quotations related to Sid Meier.

Firaxis Games

Civilization series

Spin-offs	CivCity: Rome Civilization Revolution Civilization World Civilization Revolution 2 Civilization: Beyond Earth

XCOM series

Civil War games

Other games

Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri
Sid Meier's SimGolf
Sid Meier's Pirates! (2004)
Sid Meier's Railroads!
Haunted Hollow
Sid Meier's Ace Patrol
- Pacific Skies
Sid Meier's Starships
Marvel's Midnight Suns

People