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Sidi Hassan
Sidi Hassan, also known as Hassan Pacha or Hassan III Pacha was the 19th ruler and Dey of Algiers. He ruled for 11 years after his predecessor Baba Mohammed ben-Osman.
Sidi Hassan, or Hassan ibn Yusuf Ahiskavi, came to Algeria from Southern Georgia, town and vicinity of Ahaltsikhe. Sidi Hassan, before becoming dey, was the adopted son of his predecessor, Muhammad Ben Othman, he had the title of Ouakhil al-Kharadj (or minister of foreign affairs) in 1776 and contributed with the diplomatic relations between Algiers and Spain. He then was given the title of Khaznadar by Muhammad in 1789, and became Dey instantly when Ben Othman died.
Sidi Hassan was known for his gentle and compassionate character, to the extent that he nearly abolished the death penalty for certain crimes and worked to improve conditions for slaves. However, as his reign continued, he became increasingly wary and suspicious, similar to some of his predecessors.
He was described by U.S. consul to Algiers from 1795 to 1797 Joel Barlow as the following:
... his feet [were] shod with buskins bound upon his legs with diamond buttons in loops of pearl; round his waist was a broad sash glittering with jewels, to which was suspended a broad scimitar, its sheath of the finest velvet. In his sash were stuck a poignard and a pair of pistols, said to have been a present from the late unfortunate Louis XVI; the dagger was of pure gold. Upon the Dey's head was a turban with the point erect, which is stylistically peculiar to the royal family. A large diamond crescent shone conspicuously in the front, and on the back of which a socket received the quills of two large ostrich feathers....
— William Spencer, Algiers in the age of the corsairs, Patterns of Government
In the first days of his rule, he had to deal with the current situation that was between Algiers and Spain, after the Bey of the Western Beylik conquered Oran and Mers el Kebir, a Spanish ambassador was sent in April 1791 to Algiers by the Spanish Empire, the king Charles IV offered the two cities to the Dey in exchange of a small Settlement in Oran, but the Diwan of Algiers refused. The ambassador came for the second time in 12 September, and found Sidi Hassan head of state, the dey finally concluded a peace treaty with Spain.
The treaty contained six major obligations.
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Sidi Hassan
Sidi Hassan, also known as Hassan Pacha or Hassan III Pacha was the 19th ruler and Dey of Algiers. He ruled for 11 years after his predecessor Baba Mohammed ben-Osman.
Sidi Hassan, or Hassan ibn Yusuf Ahiskavi, came to Algeria from Southern Georgia, town and vicinity of Ahaltsikhe. Sidi Hassan, before becoming dey, was the adopted son of his predecessor, Muhammad Ben Othman, he had the title of Ouakhil al-Kharadj (or minister of foreign affairs) in 1776 and contributed with the diplomatic relations between Algiers and Spain. He then was given the title of Khaznadar by Muhammad in 1789, and became Dey instantly when Ben Othman died.
Sidi Hassan was known for his gentle and compassionate character, to the extent that he nearly abolished the death penalty for certain crimes and worked to improve conditions for slaves. However, as his reign continued, he became increasingly wary and suspicious, similar to some of his predecessors.
He was described by U.S. consul to Algiers from 1795 to 1797 Joel Barlow as the following:
... his feet [were] shod with buskins bound upon his legs with diamond buttons in loops of pearl; round his waist was a broad sash glittering with jewels, to which was suspended a broad scimitar, its sheath of the finest velvet. In his sash were stuck a poignard and a pair of pistols, said to have been a present from the late unfortunate Louis XVI; the dagger was of pure gold. Upon the Dey's head was a turban with the point erect, which is stylistically peculiar to the royal family. A large diamond crescent shone conspicuously in the front, and on the back of which a socket received the quills of two large ostrich feathers....
— William Spencer, Algiers in the age of the corsairs, Patterns of Government
In the first days of his rule, he had to deal with the current situation that was between Algiers and Spain, after the Bey of the Western Beylik conquered Oran and Mers el Kebir, a Spanish ambassador was sent in April 1791 to Algiers by the Spanish Empire, the king Charles IV offered the two cities to the Dey in exchange of a small Settlement in Oran, but the Diwan of Algiers refused. The ambassador came for the second time in 12 September, and found Sidi Hassan head of state, the dey finally concluded a peace treaty with Spain.
The treaty contained six major obligations.