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Slavery in Bulgaria
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Slavery in Bulgaria
Slavery in Bulgaria refer to the history of slavery in the area that was later to form the nation of Bulgaria.
In Ancient Bulgaria, the institution of slavery in the area was a part of the history of slavery in the Roman Empire. During the early middle ages, Bulgaria was subjected to the laws of the Byzantine Empire. During the later part of the middle ages, Bulgaria was independent and regulated slavery by its own laws.
During the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans, Bulgaria became a religious and political border zone between Christian Europe and the Islamic Ottoman Empire, and as a consequence the Bulgarians was termed as infidels kafir of Dar al-Harb and vulnerable to Ottoman slave raids and slave trading. During the Ottoman era, slavery was legal in accordance to Islamic law. As a non-Muslim province, Bulgaria was also subjected to the blood tax of tributary slaves to the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman era in Bulgaria ended in 1878, after which Ottoman law was no longer applicable.
In Ancient Bulgaria, slavery was practiced by the Thracians. During the temure of Roman rule in Bulgaria, slavery was regulated in accordance with the laws of slavery in the Roman Empire.
Bulgaria was under the rule of the Byzantine Empire from the 4th century to the 7th century. During this time period, the institution of slavery in Bulgaria was regulated by the laws governing the institution of slavery in the Byzantine Empire. During the Byzantine campaign against the Pagan tribes on Balkan in the 10th century, slavery in the Byzantine Empire reached it maximum, when it was supplied by Pagan war captives.
While slavery in the Byzantine Empire was never formally abolished, it was gradually phased out in favor of serfdom by the landowners in the countryside, which eventually reduced slavery to become a marginal urban phenomena after the 10th century onward.
During the Middle Ages, Bulgaria was ruled by two independent states: First Bulgarian Empire (681–1018) and Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1422). Slavery in Bulgaria was similar to the institution of slavery in Serbia.
The slaves were referred to by the term otroks. Under the Bulgarian rule, when the new Bulgarian system replaced the prior Byzantine societal classes, the otrok peasants replaced the Byzantine douparokoi-serfs. The otroks were described as peasants who cultivated the land of the landowers, but they could also be educated to perform various forms of handicrafts in the cities. The otroks could be sold, bought and owned.
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Slavery in Bulgaria
Slavery in Bulgaria refer to the history of slavery in the area that was later to form the nation of Bulgaria.
In Ancient Bulgaria, the institution of slavery in the area was a part of the history of slavery in the Roman Empire. During the early middle ages, Bulgaria was subjected to the laws of the Byzantine Empire. During the later part of the middle ages, Bulgaria was independent and regulated slavery by its own laws.
During the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans, Bulgaria became a religious and political border zone between Christian Europe and the Islamic Ottoman Empire, and as a consequence the Bulgarians was termed as infidels kafir of Dar al-Harb and vulnerable to Ottoman slave raids and slave trading. During the Ottoman era, slavery was legal in accordance to Islamic law. As a non-Muslim province, Bulgaria was also subjected to the blood tax of tributary slaves to the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman era in Bulgaria ended in 1878, after which Ottoman law was no longer applicable.
In Ancient Bulgaria, slavery was practiced by the Thracians. During the temure of Roman rule in Bulgaria, slavery was regulated in accordance with the laws of slavery in the Roman Empire.
Bulgaria was under the rule of the Byzantine Empire from the 4th century to the 7th century. During this time period, the institution of slavery in Bulgaria was regulated by the laws governing the institution of slavery in the Byzantine Empire. During the Byzantine campaign against the Pagan tribes on Balkan in the 10th century, slavery in the Byzantine Empire reached it maximum, when it was supplied by Pagan war captives.
While slavery in the Byzantine Empire was never formally abolished, it was gradually phased out in favor of serfdom by the landowners in the countryside, which eventually reduced slavery to become a marginal urban phenomena after the 10th century onward.
During the Middle Ages, Bulgaria was ruled by two independent states: First Bulgarian Empire (681–1018) and Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1422). Slavery in Bulgaria was similar to the institution of slavery in Serbia.
The slaves were referred to by the term otroks. Under the Bulgarian rule, when the new Bulgarian system replaced the prior Byzantine societal classes, the otrok peasants replaced the Byzantine douparokoi-serfs. The otroks were described as peasants who cultivated the land of the landowers, but they could also be educated to perform various forms of handicrafts in the cities. The otroks could be sold, bought and owned.