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Slip casting
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Slip casting
Slip casting, or slipcasting, is a ceramic forming technique, and is widely used in industry and by craft potters to make ceramic forms. This technique is typically used to form complicated shapes like figurative ceramics that would be difficult to be reproduced by hand or other forming techniques. The technique involves a clay body slip, usually prepared in a blunger, being poured into plaster moulds and allowed to form a layer, the cast, on the internal walls of the mould.
It is suited for the consistent and precise shaping of complex shapes. It is the standard shaping technique for sanitaryware, such as toilets and basins, and is commonly used for smaller pieces like figurines and teapots.
The technique was first developed in China during the Tang dynasty (618–917), but was relatively little-used in China until recent times[when?]. It seems to have been reinvented independently in England around 1745 "reputedly by Ralph Daniels of Corbridge", and before long was widely used by European porcelain manufacturers, and then became the main forming technique for sanitaryware by the end of the century.
Solid casting is used to produce solid articles, such as cup handles; for this the mold frequently includes a reservoir of excess slip. Hollow casting is used to produce articles such as teapots.
The properties of a casting slip depends on multiple factors, including:
Additionally, factors affecting the rate of formation of the cast piece include:
The casting slip is poured into a porous mould. Due to capillary pressure from the mold, a semi-solid particulate layer is formed on the mould through deposition of the solids in the slip. After a period of time, determined in advance by testing, the cast piece is removed from the mold; the cast needs to be sufficiently firm to handle without damage. The cast piece may then be fettled to remove the mold seam, before being dried to remove the remaining water. This typically results in a greenware piece which is then ready for subsequent processing, including glazing and firing.
A lavatory closet typically takes around 40 to 60 minutes to cast using the conventional technique, with a Swiss manufacturer noting that "preparing the mould and casting a single piece can take up to 40 minutes." Thinner sections will be quicker, with one source advising 5–10 mm taking 10–15 minutes.
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Slip casting
Slip casting, or slipcasting, is a ceramic forming technique, and is widely used in industry and by craft potters to make ceramic forms. This technique is typically used to form complicated shapes like figurative ceramics that would be difficult to be reproduced by hand or other forming techniques. The technique involves a clay body slip, usually prepared in a blunger, being poured into plaster moulds and allowed to form a layer, the cast, on the internal walls of the mould.
It is suited for the consistent and precise shaping of complex shapes. It is the standard shaping technique for sanitaryware, such as toilets and basins, and is commonly used for smaller pieces like figurines and teapots.
The technique was first developed in China during the Tang dynasty (618–917), but was relatively little-used in China until recent times[when?]. It seems to have been reinvented independently in England around 1745 "reputedly by Ralph Daniels of Corbridge", and before long was widely used by European porcelain manufacturers, and then became the main forming technique for sanitaryware by the end of the century.
Solid casting is used to produce solid articles, such as cup handles; for this the mold frequently includes a reservoir of excess slip. Hollow casting is used to produce articles such as teapots.
The properties of a casting slip depends on multiple factors, including:
Additionally, factors affecting the rate of formation of the cast piece include:
The casting slip is poured into a porous mould. Due to capillary pressure from the mold, a semi-solid particulate layer is formed on the mould through deposition of the solids in the slip. After a period of time, determined in advance by testing, the cast piece is removed from the mold; the cast needs to be sufficiently firm to handle without damage. The cast piece may then be fettled to remove the mold seam, before being dried to remove the remaining water. This typically results in a greenware piece which is then ready for subsequent processing, including glazing and firing.
A lavatory closet typically takes around 40 to 60 minutes to cast using the conventional technique, with a Swiss manufacturer noting that "preparing the mould and casting a single piece can take up to 40 minutes." Thinner sections will be quicker, with one source advising 5–10 mm taking 10–15 minutes.
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