HMD Global (Human Mobile Devices) is a Finnish independent mobile phone manufacturer. The company is made up of the mobile phone business that the Nokia Corporation sold to Microsoft in 2014, then bought back in 2016 by former executives who formed HMD Global. HMD began marketing Nokia-branded smartphones and feature phones on 1 December 2016, through an exclusive licensing agreement, and began producing self-branded HMD phones in March 2024.

HMD formed a partnership with Google, and uses the Android operating system on their smartphones, originally under the Android One program, whereas HMD's feature phones use the Series 30+ platform as well as the more advanced KaiOS.^{[citation needed]} Manufacturing is outsourced to Foxconn subsidiary FIH Mobile. Nokia has an investment in HMD, and remains a partner, setting mandatory requirements and providing patents and technologies, in return for royalty payments.

Nokia was one of the largest global mobile phone and smartphone makers until it began to struggle in maintaining market leadership due to the rise of more innovative smartphone offerings from Apple, Samsung and Google. Due to various factors, Nokia was unable to maintain the popularity it once had back in the 2000s. Its initial partnership with Microsoft to use its operating system did not help either as Windows Phone's mobile app offerings were not as comprehensive as the ones available on Apple's iOS and Google's Android.

At this point of time, Nokia had a lineup of feature phones, and a range of low- to high-end smartphones under the Nokia Eseries, Microsoft Lumia and Nokia Asha product lines.

By the early 2010s, Nokia had lost major market share in the mobile phone market, and was overtaken by Apple and Samsung.

In 2014, Nokia's mobile phone business was sold to Microsoft, along with the right to use the Nokia brand for mobile phones for ten years. The sale did not end the woes of the business. Microsoft used the brand primarily as a means of introducing its Windows Phone mobile operating system, which was itself struggling to establish any kind of significant market presence. The range of Microsoft Lumia smartphones did not gain significant traction in the highly competitive smartphone market dominated by Android and iOS devices. There were further internal struggles, as Microsoft tried to reconcile the Nokia brand with its own objectives under Microsoft Mobile. By October 2014, Microsoft decided to drop the Nokia brand in favor of its Microsoft-branded Lumia smartphone range with the release of Microsoft Lumia 535, while only the featurephone segment kept the Nokia brand.

The CEO of Nokia, Rajeev Suri, said in June 2015 that the Nokia brand would return to smartphones. Earlier that year Nokia Technologies released the N1 tablet running Android. Under the terms of the acquisition agreement with Microsoft, Nokia could not sell Nokia-branded phones until 31 December 2015. Suri said in February 2016 that he wanted the company to be in a position where it co-designs with another manufacturer, but keeps "appropriate control measures".

HMD Global Oy was originally incorporated in Helsinki on 9 November 2015.