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Social-National Party of Ukraine
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Social-National Party of Ukraine
The Social-National Party of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Соціал-національна партія України, romanized: Sotsial-natsionalna partiia Ukrainy; abbreviated SNPU) was a far-right party in Ukraine that would later become Svoboda. The party combined radical nationalism, neo-fascist and anti-communist positions.
The party was registered on October 16, 1995 It was founded by the Student Fraternity of Lviv city, public organization of the Soviet Afghan War veterans, a youth organization "Spadshchyna" (Heritage) and the Rukh Guard. Its ideology was based on OUN politician Yaroslav Stetsko's Two revolutions. A mirror image of the Wolfsangel, or Wolf's Hook, was chosen as the party emblem in 1991.
On 21 September 1993 its "people's formations" came to the Verkhovna Rada building dressed all in black to differentiate themselves from woodland camouflaged UNA-UNSO activists.
In the second half of 1990s the party also recruited skinheads and football hooligans. The party was alleged to be involved in criminal fighting which resulted in physical elimination of criminal elements of the Caucasus region from the West Ukraine. According to Svoboda's website, during the 1994 Ukrainian parliamentary elections the party presented its platform as distinct from those of the communists and social democrats. SNPU did not win any seats to the national parliament, but managed to receive some seats in the Lviv Regional Council.
In the 1998 parliamentary elections, the party joined a bloc of parties (together with the All-Ukrainian Political Movement "State Independence of Ukraine") called "Less Words" (Ukrainian: Менше слів), which collected 0.16% of the national vote. Oleh Tyahnybok as a member of the SNPU Board of Commissioners was voted into the Ukrainian Parliament in this election. He became a member of the People's Movement of Ukraine faction.
The party established the paramilitary organization Patriot of Ukraine in 1999 as an "Association of Support" for the Military of Ukraine. In 2000 on invitation of SNPU, Ukraine was visited by Jean-Marie Le Pen (at that time a leader of the National Front). The paramilitary organization was disbanded in 2004 during the SNPU's reformation and reformed in 2005 and currently one of the five major parties of the country. Svoboda officially ended association with the group in 2007, but they remain informally linked.
In 2001, the party joined some actions of the "Ukraine without Kuchma" protest campaign and was active in forming the association of Ukraine's rightist parties and in supporting Viktor Yushchenko's candidacy for prime minister, although it did not participate in party lists for the 2002 parliamentary elections, although some of its candidates stood in single constituencies. The SNPU again performed poorly in the elections. However, as a member of Victor Yushchenko’s Our Ukraine bloc, Tyahnybok was reelected to the Ukrainian parliament. The SNPU won two seats in the Lviv oblast council of deputies and won representation in the city and district councils in the Lviv and Volyn oblasts.[independent source needed]
In 2004 the party had fewer than 1,000 members. Andriy Parubiy left the party in 2004 and later joined centre-right party Our Ukraine of president Viktor Yushchenko.
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Social-National Party of Ukraine
The Social-National Party of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Соціал-національна партія України, romanized: Sotsial-natsionalna partiia Ukrainy; abbreviated SNPU) was a far-right party in Ukraine that would later become Svoboda. The party combined radical nationalism, neo-fascist and anti-communist positions.
The party was registered on October 16, 1995 It was founded by the Student Fraternity of Lviv city, public organization of the Soviet Afghan War veterans, a youth organization "Spadshchyna" (Heritage) and the Rukh Guard. Its ideology was based on OUN politician Yaroslav Stetsko's Two revolutions. A mirror image of the Wolfsangel, or Wolf's Hook, was chosen as the party emblem in 1991.
On 21 September 1993 its "people's formations" came to the Verkhovna Rada building dressed all in black to differentiate themselves from woodland camouflaged UNA-UNSO activists.
In the second half of 1990s the party also recruited skinheads and football hooligans. The party was alleged to be involved in criminal fighting which resulted in physical elimination of criminal elements of the Caucasus region from the West Ukraine. According to Svoboda's website, during the 1994 Ukrainian parliamentary elections the party presented its platform as distinct from those of the communists and social democrats. SNPU did not win any seats to the national parliament, but managed to receive some seats in the Lviv Regional Council.
In the 1998 parliamentary elections, the party joined a bloc of parties (together with the All-Ukrainian Political Movement "State Independence of Ukraine") called "Less Words" (Ukrainian: Менше слів), which collected 0.16% of the national vote. Oleh Tyahnybok as a member of the SNPU Board of Commissioners was voted into the Ukrainian Parliament in this election. He became a member of the People's Movement of Ukraine faction.
The party established the paramilitary organization Patriot of Ukraine in 1999 as an "Association of Support" for the Military of Ukraine. In 2000 on invitation of SNPU, Ukraine was visited by Jean-Marie Le Pen (at that time a leader of the National Front). The paramilitary organization was disbanded in 2004 during the SNPU's reformation and reformed in 2005 and currently one of the five major parties of the country. Svoboda officially ended association with the group in 2007, but they remain informally linked.
In 2001, the party joined some actions of the "Ukraine without Kuchma" protest campaign and was active in forming the association of Ukraine's rightist parties and in supporting Viktor Yushchenko's candidacy for prime minister, although it did not participate in party lists for the 2002 parliamentary elections, although some of its candidates stood in single constituencies. The SNPU again performed poorly in the elections. However, as a member of Victor Yushchenko’s Our Ukraine bloc, Tyahnybok was reelected to the Ukrainian parliament. The SNPU won two seats in the Lviv oblast council of deputies and won representation in the city and district councils in the Lviv and Volyn oblasts.[independent source needed]
In 2004 the party had fewer than 1,000 members. Andriy Parubiy left the party in 2004 and later joined centre-right party Our Ukraine of president Viktor Yushchenko.
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