Sphincterochilidae

Sphincterochilidae
	Sphincterochila candidissima, near Tortosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Order:	Stylommatophora
Suborder:	Helicina
Infraorder:	Helicoidei
Superfamily:	Helicoidea
Family:	Sphincterochilidae; Zilch, 1960 (1910)

Sphincterochilidae is a taxonomic family of medium-sized air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).^[2]

In the fossil record, Sphincterochilidae are known from the upper Eocene to the Holocene.^[3]

Distribution

The distribution of Sphincterochilidae includes the western-Palearctic zone.^[4]

Taxonomy

The following two subfamilies have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):^[2]

subfamily Sphincterochilinae Zilch, 1960 (1910) - synonyms: Calcarinidae Pallary, 1909^[5] (inv.); Albeidae Pallary, 1910.^[6] Sphincterochilidae is a conserved name to take the priority of Leucochroidae Westerlund, 1886.^[7]^[2]^[8]
subfamily † Pseudoleptaxinae H. Nordsieck, 1986^[9]

Genera

Genera within the family Sphincterochilidae include:

Sphincterochilinae

† Asensidea Calzada, 2003
Sphincterochila Ancey, 1887 - type genus of the family Sphincterochilidae^[2]

† Pseudoleptaxinae

† Dentellocaracolus Oppenheim, 1890
† Fridolinia Pilsbry, 1895 †
† Pseudoleptaxis Pilsbry, 1895^[10] - type genus o the subfamily Pseudoleptaxinae^[2]
† Wenzia Pfeffer, 1930

Ecology

Sphincterochilidae land snails are xerothermophilous, i.e. they are well adapted to hot, arid places.^[3]

References

^ Zilch A. M. (1960). Handbuch der Paläozoologie 6(4): 601-835. page 663.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. 47 (1–2). Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks: 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
^ ^a ^b "Family summary for Sphincterochilidae". AnimalBase, last modified 27 August 2005, accessed 10 April 2009.
^ Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x, JSTOR.
^ Pallary P. M. (1909). "Catalogue de la faune malacologique de l'Egypte". Mémoires présentés à l'Institut Égyptien 6(1): 1-92, plates 1-5. page 12.
^ Pallary P. M. (1910). "Catalogue de la faune malacologique de l'Egypte. Additions et corrections". Mémoires présentés à l'Institut Égyptien 6(2): 177-182. page 178.
^ Bouchet P. & Rocroi J. P. (2004). "Thebini Wenz, 1923, Monachainae Wenz, 1930 (1904), and Sphincterochilidae Zilch, 1960 (1910): proposed conservation (Mollusca, Gastropoda)". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 61(3): 154-161.
^ ICZN (2006). "OPINION 2135 (Case 3261) THEBINI Wenz, 1923, MONACHAINAE/MONACHAINI Wenz, 1930 (1904), and SPHINCTEROCHILIDAE Zilch, 1960 (1910) (Mollusca, Gastropoda): conserved". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 63(1): 56-58. abstract.
^ Nordsieck H. (1986). "Das System der tertiären Helicoidea Mittel- und Westeuropas (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Heldia 1(4): 109-120, plates 15-17. page 116.
^ Tryon G. W. & Pilsbry H. A. (1894). Manual of Conchology (2)9: 294.

Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16, 2017.

[1] Zilch A. M. (1960). Handbuch der Paläozoologie 6(4): 601-835. page 663.

[Bouchet_2005-2] Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. 47 (1–2). Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks: 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.

[AB-3] "Family summary for Sphincterochilidae". AnimalBase, last modified 27 August 2005, accessed 10 April 2009.

[Hausdorf_2000-4] Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x, JSTOR.

[5] Pallary P. M. (1909). "Catalogue de la faune malacologique de l'Egypte". Mémoires présentés à l'Institut Égyptien 6(1): 1-92, plates 1-5. page 12.

[6] Pallary P. M. (1910). "Catalogue de la faune malacologique de l'Egypte. Additions et corrections". Mémoires présentés à l'Institut Égyptien 6(2): 177-182. page 178.

[7] Bouchet P. & Rocroi J. P. (2004). "Thebini Wenz, 1923, Monachainae Wenz, 1930 (1904), and Sphincterochilidae Zilch, 1960 (1910): proposed conservation (Mollusca, Gastropoda)". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 61(3): 154-161.

[8] ICZN (2006). "OPINION 2135 (Case 3261) THEBINI Wenz, 1923, MONACHAINAE/MONACHAINI Wenz, 1930 (1904), and SPHINCTEROCHILIDAE Zilch, 1960 (1910) (Mollusca, Gastropoda): conserved". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 63(1): 56-58. abstract.

[9] Nordsieck H. (1986). "Das System der tertiären Helicoidea Mittel- und Westeuropas (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Heldia 1(4): 109-120, plates 15-17. page 116.

[10] Tryon G. W. & Pilsbry H. A. (1894). Manual of Conchology (2)9: 294.

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Sphincterochilidae

Sphincterochila candidissima, near Tortosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Order:	Stylommatophora
Suborder:	Helicina
Infraorder:	Helicoidei
Superfamily:	Helicoidea
Family:	Sphincterochilidae Zilch, 1960 (1910)^[1]